This is an archived copy of the Spring 2014 Catalog. To access the most recent version of the catalog, please visit http://catalog.jccc.edu/.

Architecture (ARCH)

Courses

ARCH 120 Introduction to Architecture (3 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

This course is an introduction to the profession of architecture through a study of its history, vocabulary, theories and practices. The facets that make up the total architectural curriculum as well as the various professional roles that architects can be expected to perform will be covered. Architectural study is seen as both an art and a science. The interdisciplinary character of architectural practice is emphasized. 3 hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 123 Architectural Principles (3 Hours)

Prerequisites: ARCH 120

This course will elaborate on the concepts first presented in introduction to architecture. General focus will be on the modern profession and architects dealing with past, present and emerging ideas as they relate to physical and social context including landscaping, buildings and cities. Unifying themes will be presented of formal architectural principles in relation to modernism and the impact on design, the site, landscaping, and site planning issues. This course is only offered in the spring semester. 3 hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 127 Introduction to Architectural Graphics (4 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

This course is designed to build a conceptual and manual foundation for professional architectural education. Students will learn to apply a variety of media and drawing systems such as freehand drawing, architectural lettering and equipment usage. Students will also learn applied geometry including line, tone, texture and utilizing sun, shade and shadows. Multi-view, paraline, axonometric and oblique drawings will be taught and students will build models related to architectural forms. Emphasis will be on learning to think in spatial terms while introducing professional, conceptual and visual vocabulary. Graphic presentation skills will be developed using standard graphic conventions, basic computer skills, and basic material investigations. This course is only offered in the fall semester. 8 hrs. integrated lecture, studio/wk.

ARCH 131 Architectural Graphics (3 Hours)

Prerequisites: ARCH 127 or ARCH 130

This course builds upon the conceptual and manual skills acquired in Introduction to Architectural Graphics. Students will expand their ability by learning to apply a variety of media and advanced drawing systems, such as design drawing techniques, model building, graphic diagramming, grid perspective drawing, projection perspective drawing, and shade and shadow studies. Emphasis will continue to be on learning to think in spatial terms as well as developing a new repertoire of graphic presentation skills. 6 hrs. integrated lecture, studio/wk. This course is only offered in the spring semester.

ARCH 140 Architectural Design (3 Hours)

Prerequisites: ARCH 127 or ARCH 130

This course introduces the student to the process and vocabulary of design. The purpose of the content is to develop the ability to solve two- and three-dimensional design problems with basic methods, vocabulary and media appropriate to the architectural profession. This course is only offered in the spring semester. 6 hrs. integrated lecture, studio/wk.

ARCH 210 Design History & Society (3 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

The nature of design, even more than the traditional fine arts, responds to and is indeed inseparable from the culture and society in which it exists. This course provides a survey of design history from the nineteenth-century Industrial Revolution to the present, with emphasis on graphic and industrial design and art and architecture, examining the history of design as it corresponds to changes in economics, politics, technology, industrialization, and other societal factors. While focusing on the events and achievements in modern Western cultures there will be selected references to pre-industrial landmarks and developments and a global scope will be examined. Design will be studied as a social practice that contributes to the production, maintenance, and representation of culture and society. The course will focus less on aesthetics than on the cultural milieu in which designers have created images and objects that give physical form to intangible ideas. 3hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 240 Architectural History: Ancient to Middle Ages (3 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

This course will trace the development of the built environment from Antiquity to the Middle Ages and explore pre-Columbian and Islamic architecture. Emphasis will be placed on how materials, technological advances and natural environment influence architecture. The shaping of architecture through cultural forces will be stressed. Fundamental design principles and analyses of the built form will also be covered. 3 hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 240H HON: Architec Hist:Ancient/Mid (1 Hour)

Prerequisites: Honors department approval

One-credit hour honors contract is available to qualified students who have an interest in a more thorough investigation of a topic related to this subject. An honors contract may incorporate research, a paper, or project and includes individual meetings with a faculty mentor. Student must be currently enrolled in the regular section of the courses or have completed it the previous semester. Contact the Honors Program Office, COM 201, for more information.

ARCH 241 Architectural History: Renaissance to Enlightenment (3 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

This course will investigate the architecture of the Renaissance, Baroque and Enlightenment periods. A brief exploration into non-Western architecture will also be presented. The focus of this course will be on the principles of design, cultural forces and concept of the built environment within its historical context. The work of prominent architects from each period will be highlighted and analyzed. 3 hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 241H HON: Architec Hist:Renais/Enli (1 Hour)

Prerequisites: Honors department approval

ARCH 245 Architectural History: Modern (3 Hours)

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

This course will investigate the architecture of the Modern Era. The focus of this course is on the principles of design, education of the architect, artistic forces and concepts of the built environment within its historical context. The work of prominent architects and their architectural theories will be covered and analyzed. 3 hrs. lecture/wk.

ARCH 245H HON: Architectural Hist: Mod. (1 Hour)

ARCH 120

Title: Introduction to Architecture*
Number: ARCH 120
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Describe the process by which the individual is educated to be a licensed professional architect, landscape architect, interior architect or urban planner.
Demonstrate an aesthetic vocabulary as used by architects that describes the built and natural environment.
Define the major historical periods of architecture, to include what characterizes each period, from pre-history to the 20th century.
Define the concepts which shape the nature of design such as anthropometrics, ergometrics and social behavior.
List the concepts and vocabulary that define the technology of architecture such as structural systems and environmental control.
Define the issues and means to design for energy conservation.
Demonstrate an understanding of the role each discipline plays, to include architects, landscape architects, interior architects, urban designers and planners as they execute their work in planning or designing the built environment.
Demonstrate an appreciation of issues involved in the preservation of the built and natural environment.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Introduction to Architecture
   A. Define architecture.
   B. List and describe the basic elements of architecture, including
point, line, plane and volume.
   C. Describe the relationship between architecture and aesthetics.

II. Architectural Education
   A. List architectural program types, including the typical curriculum
of each.
   B. Describe the academic rigors of architectural school, including the
jury system, typical workload and differences from traditional college
education.
   C. Describe the apprenticeship, its demands and values.
   D. Describe intern-development programs and their state requirements.
   E. Describe the process of acquiring an architectural license.
   F. Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of an architectural
career.

III. Design Concepts
   A. Define each of the following concepts:
       1. Synthesis
       2. Organization
       3. Order/Hierarchy
       4. Dominance-exarsis-punctuation
       5. Imagability
       6. legibility
       7. Identity
       8. Diversity
       9. Scale
      10. Proportion
      11. Rhythm
      12. Unity
      13. Meaning
      14. Intention
      15. Morality
   B. Identify examples of the preceding concepts.

IV. History of Architecture
   A. Describe the architectural elements common to early cultures,
including examples of each.
   B. Describe the architectural design contributions of classical
antiquity - Greece and Rome
   C. Describe the transitional architectural styles of the Middle Ages,
including Byzantine, Moslem, Carolingian, Romanesque, and Gothic.
   D. Describe the principal design features of Renaissance architecture,
including notable examples.
   E. Trace architectural developments through the 18th and 19th centuries
- both European and American.
   F. List and describe the work of major modern architects, including Le
Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright, Gropius and the Bauhaus, and Mies van der
Rohe.
   G. Evaluate the status of contemporary architecture.

V. Human Dynamics and Architecture
   A. List behavioral issues affecting architectural design of space.
   B. Describe the behavioral theory of space, Sommer’s theory of
territoriality, Bechtel’s theory and the empirical approach.
   C. Determine environmental comfort and control for lighting, heating,
cooling, and air transfer.
   D. Determine communications and data requirements of spaces.

VI. The Technology of Architecture
   A. Select the appropriate structural system to accommodate stresses and
seismic activity.
   B. Describe the design requirements for energy conservation.
   C. Describe the significance of materials to the space and the
environment.

VII. The Economics of Architectural Space
   A. Contrast the tangible versus the intangible components of space.
   B. Describe spheres of architectural aesthetics.
   C. Describe the theory of space, including the roles of form, plane,
linear elements and openings.
   D. Describe great enclosures, their influences, psychological effects,
and structural characteristics.

VIII. Introduction to Allied Disciplines
   A. Describe the history of landscape architecture and describe its
current role.
   B. Describe the elements of interior design and the evolution of
interior space.
   C. Describe contemporary aesthetics of interior space.

IX. Urban Architecture
   A. Briefly describe the history of urban design.
   B. List the elements of successful urban design.
   C. Describe the components of urban design planning.
   D. Trace a comprehensive planning process.
   E. Describe the relationship of regionalism to architectural design.

X. Historic Preservation and Related Environmental Interventions
   A. List and describe the elements of preservation, conservation and
restoration.
   B. Evaluate old buildings as an expression of human spirit and
historical roots.
   C. Compare the fitness of old buildings as opposed to the performance
of new constructions.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Proposed ranges for ARCH 120:
Attendance/class participation   10-20%
Quizzes and Examinations         30-50%
Research and Projects            30-50%
                                 100%

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

If you are a student with a disability, and if you will be requesting accommodations, it is your responsibility to contact Access Services. Access Services will recommend any appropriate accommodations to your professor and his/her director. The professor and director will identify for you which accommodations will be arranged.

JCCC provides a range of services to allow persons with disabilities to participate in educational programs and activities. If you desire support services, contact the office of Access Services for Students With Disabilities (913) 469-8500, ext. 3521 or TDD (913) 469-3885. The Access Services office is located in the Success Center on the second floor of the Student Center.

ARCH 123

Title: Architectural Principles*
Number: ARCH 123
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites: ARCH 120

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Discuss the modernist movement of architecture as it relates to current trends of the built environment.
Demonstrate an understanding of present influences that affect the modern architectural profession.
Define formal architectural principles used in modern design.
Recognize issues that impact the design, site and site planning parameters.
List vocabulary used in modern architectural concepts and practice.
Describe the relationship of historical references and their use as current trends in architecture.
Discuss past cultural influences on design and the relationship to modern social context in landscaping, buildings, and site planning issues.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Architectural Principles
   A. Define modernism.
      1. Define elements of architecture
      2. Describe relationship of modern architecture to the built
environment.
   B. Define and list modern architecture.
   C. Define and list modern architects.

II. Ideas of Modernism
   A. Establish ideas and concepts of modernism.
   B. Define past, present and emerging ideas.
   C. Describe relationships of ideas to the physical environment.
   D. Compare relationships of the physical environment to social
context.

III. Relationship of Design
   A. Define aspects of the built environment.
   B. Establish modern parameters for landscaping, including the site and
site planning, buildings and cities, and urban planning.
   C. Compare and apply aspects of urban planning to the built and social
environment.

IV. Principles of Modernism
   A. Define formal architectural principles.
   B. Compare and relate formal architectural principles to modernism.
   C. Develop relationships between the principles of modernism and their
impact on design, the site, and site planning.

V. Planning Principles
   A. Define urban planning principles of modern design theories.
   B. Describe modern landscape and planning issues of the physical
environment.
   C. Compare and contrast landscape and planning designs of early
modernism to late period design.

VI. Modern Architecture
   A. Describe modern architectural elements.
   B. Define relationships of historic architecture to modern design.
   C. List current trends.
   D. Determine present issues and influences.

VII. Modern Architects
   A. Research and identify modernist architects.
   B. Research and identify modernist works of architecture.
   C. Compare current architects and projects to modernist principles.

VIII. Impact of Technology
   A. Define technology in architecture.
   B. List means and methods of established technological trends.
   C. Identify new trends in technology and modernism.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Class Participation   20-30% of grade
Examinations          20-30% of grade
Research Projects     20-30% of grade
Design Projects       20-30% of grade
  Total                100%

Grade Criteria:
  A = 90 – 100%    
  B = 80 –  89%  
  C = 70 –  79%  
  D = 60 -  69%  
  F =  0 –  59%

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 127

Title: Introduction to Architectural Graphics*
Number: ARCH 127
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 4
Contact Hours: 8
Lecture Hours:
Other Hours: 8

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Demonstrate freehand perspective drawing skills so as to represent a range of built and natural environment subjects at a variety of scales.
Use the vocabulary of terms and concepts related to graphic communication skills.
Letter in freehand appropriate letter forms that support design communication.
Use drawing instruments to produce legible, clean and accurate drawings.
Describe the types, characteristics, materials and methods of construction used in three-dimensional architectural models.
Demonstrate the conceptual and manual skills required to construct multi-view drawings of three-dimensional subjects through orthographic projection methods.
Demonstrate the conceptual and manual skills required to construct paraline, axonometric and oblique drawings of three-dimensional subjects through the use of single-view and projection methods.
Cast shades and shadows in paraline, multi-view and freehand perspective drawings.
Perceive and prioritize spatial relationships of environmental subjects at a variety of scales.
Demonstrate professional application techniques for a variety of media.
Describe the criteria for selecting media appropriate to the communication task.
Define and illustrate the graphic vocabulary of line weights, tones and textures which will describe the components and properties of three-dimensional subjects.
Define and describe the essential terms, concepts and systems used to observe and describe color.
Demonstrate a process for gathering and organizing research from a variety of credible sources and synthesizing it into a research essay.
Demonstrate the application of the architectural profession’s conceptual and visual vocabulary.
Recognize and demonstrate productive attitudes and work habits in the studio.
Describe professional usage of basic computer media applications and how it relates to graphic representations.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Freehand Drawing: Recording the Built and Natural Environment
   A. Observe, organize and communicate spatial relationships.
   B. Control line weights and tonal value to define space and emphasis.
   C. Use freehand perspective techniques to communicate scale and
proportion.
   D. Create variety and heighten realism or establish emphasis through
tone, texture and color.
   E. Record the environment with different media.
   F. Shade and shadow to communicate spatial relationships.
   G. Sketch subject matter quickly.

II. Architectural Lettering
   A. Construct the basic block letter form.
   B. Construct the lowercase letter form.
   C. Construct the large outline letters, to include appropriate
applications.
   D. Control the line quality, consistency, balance and proportion of the
letter form.
   E. Control the spacing between letter forms and words.
   F. Select lettering style, scale, and layout based on the purpose of
communication.

III. Professional Media and Equipment Usage
   A. Use and care for basic instrument-aided drawing tools.
   B. Use equipment to control basic line quality, weight and precision.
   C. Read and translate architectural/ engineering scales.
   D. Draw on different professional media.
   E. Describe basic computer software applications of the profession.

IV. Applied Geometry
   A. Describe the elementary principles of applied geometry.
   B. Use applied geometry in instrument-aided drawing to increase control
and precision.
   C. Describe and apply proportioning systems.

V. Line, Tone, Texture and Color
   A. Describe the concept and function of line weights for visual
communication.
   B. Describe methods for constructing a vocabulary of lines from
different media.
   C. See and define an edge, or contour, through line.
   D. See and define surface planes and volume through the construction of
a scale of value (light/dark) changes.
   E. Observe and render texture appropriate to environmental graphics.
   F. Define the elements of color:  hue, value, and chroma.
   G. Organize color by models.
   H. Apply color principles and harmonies through color media.

VI. Model Building
   A. Describe the types and characteristics of three-dimensional models.
   B. Describe the materials, tools and techniques used in model
construction.
   C. Describe the relationship between two-dimensional drawing and
three-dimensional form generation.
   D. Illustrate fundamental construction techniques, including cutting,
sanding, joining.
   E. Document the finished models through the photographic medium.

VII. Multi-View Drawing
   A. Describe the concepts and conventions of orthographic drawing.
   B. Describe orthographic construction methods of plan, elevation and
section views.
   C. Use the architect’s scale to transcribe and construct drawings.
   D. Organize the page.
   E. Describe the process of dimensioning to communicate scale.
   F. Describe the construction and types of visual aids to enhance
communication.
   G. Use line weights, value and texture to define spatial relationships,
emphasis and realism appropriate to multi-view drawing.

VIII. Paraline, Axonometric and Oblique Drawings
   A. Describe the types of single-view drawings, their characteristics
and uses.
   B. Construct axonometric and oblique drawings.
   C. Use line weights, value and texture to define spatial relationships,
emphasis and realism appropriate to paraline drawings.

IX. Sun, Shade and Shadow
   A. Describe the basic concepts and vocabulary of light, shade and
shadow as applied to observing and recording the built and natural
environment.
   B. Cast shade and shadows in multi-view drawing using the “common
method.”
   C. Cast shade and shadows in paraline drawing.
   D. Cast shade and shadows in perspective view drawing.
   E. Use line weights, value and texture to define shade and shadows.
   F. Use shade and shadows to communicate spatial relationships.

X. Architectural Research and Writing
   A. Find credible resources from a variety of sources to use in the
research essay.
   B. Compile a bibliography.
   C. Synthesize resources by summarizing, paraphrasing and/or quoting.
   D. Organize synthesized resources into an essay which is informative or
persuasive.
   
XI. Conceptual and Visual Vocabulary
   A. Describe the elements used in architectural graphics and design.
   B. Apply the visual characteristics to the elements used in
architectural graphics and design.
   C. Demonstrate the principles of design used in architectural graphics
and design.

XII. Attitudes and Work Habits
   A. Identify and develop positive attitudes toward tasks and fellow
employees appropriate for the studio, including giving and accepting
criticism and praise.
   B. Identify and develop productive work habits, including attending to
detail, completing tasks, maintaining the work setting and recording
data.
   C. Identify and develop teamwork skills, including solving problems in
groups, building consensus and responding to supervision.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Attitude and Work Habits: Class attendance is important, productive
attitudes and work habits affect morale, efficiency, accuracy and safety
in the studio and will be a factor in determining grades. In addition,
collaboration and teamwork will be expected and evaluated.

Studio work will be evaluated through scheduled group critiques,
individual project evaluation forms and conferences.

Student evaluation by project and final course grade will be based on the
following:

The successful completion of all assigned projects including:
  Daily Projects and Assignments   
  Quizzes and Tests        
  Class Participation/Attendance  
  Final Portfolio    
  

Grading Scale:
 100% - 90%   = A
  89% - 80%   = B
  79% - 70%   = C
  69% - 60%   = D
  59% - below = F

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 131

Title: Architectural Graphics*
Number: ARCH 131
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 6
Lecture Hours:
Other Hours: 6

Requirements:

Prerequisites: ARCH 127 or ARCH 130

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Describe the concepts of and demonstrate the skills necessary to use “direct perspective methods for design development and communication.
Describe the types, characteristics, materials and methods of construction used in three-dimensional architectural models.
Define the purpose of architectural diagrams and communicate that understanding through appropriate graphic symbols, media and techniques.
Using conceptual and manual skills, construct one- and two-point common method perspective drawings.
Construct one- and two-point grid perspective drawings.
Demonstrate and illustrate the graphic vocabulary of line weights, tones, and textures which describe the components and properties of three-dimensional subjects.
Observe, describe and calculate light, shade and shadow.
Cast shades and shadows in paraline, multi-view and perspective drawings.
Recognize and demonstrate productive attitudes and work habits in the studio.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Perspective Drawing as Design Tool
   A. Describe the basic concepts and vocabulary of the  direct”
perspective method, e.g., conceptual drawing, representational drawing,
etc.
   B. Use overlays as a method for building drawings.
   C. Use direct” perspective methods to communicate graphically design
concepts.
   D. Observe, organize and communicate spatial relationships.
   E. Control line weights, value and texture to establish interest and
spatial relationships.

II. Model Building
   A. Describe the types and characteristics of three dimensional models,
e.g., study, presentation, etc.
   B. Describe the materials, tools and techniques used in model
construction.
   C. Describe the relationship between two-dimensional drawing and
three-dimensional form generation.
   D. Illustrate fundamental construction techniques, including cutting,
sanding, joining.

III. Graphic Diagramming
   A. Describe the concepts, functions and appropriate applications of
graphic diagramming, e.g., bubble, functional, flow, analytic diagrams,
etc.
   B. Collect, abstract and express through graphic media symbols
appropriate to diagramming.
   C. Apply diagram vocabulary and techniques through basic diagram
exercises, e.g., bubble diagram.

IV. Basic Grid Perspective Drawing
   A. Describe the concepts, vocabulary and conventions of basic grid
perspective drawing.
   B. List the criteria for selection of the type of grid based on the
content to be visually communicated.
   C. Construct the basic one- and two-point grid.
   D. Illustrate techniques to speed construction, e.g., proportional
divisions, etc.
   E. Use perspective grid sheets.
   F. Use the architect’s scale to transcribe information and construct
drawings.
   G. Organize the page.
   H. Use line weights, value and texture to define spatial relationships,
emphasis and realism appropriate to basic grid perspective drawing.

V. Perspective Projection Drawing
   A. Describe the concepts, vocabulary and conventions of perspective
projection drawing.
   B. List the criteria for selection of the type of perspective
projection method based on the content to be visually communicated.
   C. Illustrate perspective projection construction steps and techniques
for one and two point common methods.
   D. Use the architect’s scale to transcribe information and construct
drawings.
   E. Organize the page.
   F. Use line weights, value and texture to define spatial relationships,
emphasis and realism appropriate to perspective drawing.

VI. Shade and Shadow
   A. Describe the basic concepts and vocabulary of light, shade and
shadow as applied to observing and recording the built and natural
environment, e.g., bearing, attitude, etc.
   B. Read sun charts and find the altitude component angle.
   C. Describe the fundamentals of shade and shadow, e.g., shadow box,
plane, wedge, etc.
   D. Cast shades and shadows in paraline drawing.
   E. Cast shades and shadows in multi-view drawing.
   F. Cast shades and shadows in perspective view drawing.
   G. Use line weights, value and texture to define shade.
   H. Use shadow to communicate spatial relationships.

VII. Attitudes and Work Habits
   A. Identify and develop positive attitudes toward tasks and fellow
employees appropriate for the studio, including giving and accepting
criticism and praise.
   B. Identify and develop productive work habits, including attending to
detail, completing tasks, maintaining the work setting and recording
data.
   C. Identify and develop collaborative/teamwork skills, including
solving problems in groups, building consensus and responding to
supervision.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

   Submission of final portfolio    70% of grade
   Sketchbook assignment            10% of grade
   Attendance/class participation   10% of grade
   Written research assignments     10% of grade
                                   100%

Attitude and Work Habits: Although attendance is important, productive
attitudes and work habits affect morale, efficiency, accuracy and safety
in the studio, and will be a factor in determining grades. In addition,
collaboration and teamwork will be expected and evaluated.

Studio work will be evaluated through scheduled group critiques,
individual project evaluation forms and conferences.

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 140

Title: Architectural Design*
Number: ARCH 140
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 6
Lecture Hours:
Other Hours: 6

Requirements:

Prerequisites: ARCH 127 or ARCH 130

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Use a professional vocabulary to describe and define two-dimensional and three-dimensional design problems and their solutions.
Demonstrate the relationships that exist between visual elements, line, shape, value, texture and space and the underlying principles of visual perception, organization, and structure.
Describe and apply the visual and structural qualities inherent in effective three-dimensional forms.
Describe and apply the visual attributes and properties of three-dimensional form.
Describe the relationships that exist between structural form and its function in the environment.
Describe and demonstrate applications of the elements of form that define space.
Describe the methods of defining space and the qualities of defined space.
Demonstrate the conceptual understanding of spatial relationships and organizations.
Using the appropriate visual and verbal vocabulary, analyze specific settings and organize sequences of spaces.
Demonstrate manual skill in the use of tools and materials commonly used in the solution of three-dimensional design problems.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Principles of Two-Dimensional Visual Perception and Organization
   A. Visual perception
      1. Describe the principles of visual grouping, including:
         a. Proximity of objects
         b. Similarity of elements
         c. Negative spaces from organization
         d. Closure
      2. Describe the methods to achieve unity, including:
         a. Proximity
         b. Repetition
         c. Continuation
         d. Variety
      3. Describe the devices to show depth to create the illusion of
space, including:
         a. Size
         b. Overlapping
         c. Vertical location
         d. Aerial perspective
         e. Linear perspective
         f. Limitations of linear perspective
      4. Describe other devices to create the illusion of space,
including:
         a. Amplified perspective
         b. Multiple perspective
         c. Isometric projection
         d. Open form/closed form
         e. Recession - plane and diagonal
         f. Transparency
         g. Spatial puzzles:  Piranesl, Escher, and Magritte
   B. Describe the different types of balance, including:
      1. Symmetrical balance
      2. Asymmetrical balance
      3. Radial balance
      4. Crystallographic balance - allover pattern
   C. List three types of rhythm, providing examples of each:
      1. Rhythm and motion
      2. Alternating rhythm
      3. Progressive rhythm
   D. Describe strategies for creating the illusion of motion:
      1. Anticipated movement
      2. Repeated figure
      3. Fuzzy outlines
      4. Multiple image
      5. Directional use of visual elements
   E. Emphasis/focal point
      1. Describe ways to achieve emphasis, including:
         a. Emphasis by contrast
         b. Emphasis by isolation
         c. Emphasis by placement
      2. Explain the degree of emphasis for establishing a focal point,
including:
         a. Dominance
         b. Relationship to the whole design
      3. Explain the effects of absence of focal point
   F. Line
      1. Describe the types of line, including:
         a. Actual
         b. Implied
         c. Psychic
      2. Describe the qualities of a line, including:
         a. Direction
         b. Quality
         c. Control and gesture
         d. Lost and found contour
         e. Shape
         f. Value
   G. Texture
      1. Describe the two basic types of texture:
         a. Tactile
         b. Visual
      2. Differentiate between texture and patter
   H. List the seven definitions of shape and describe the impact on
volume:
      1. Neutralism and distortion
      2. Idealism
      3. Abstraction
      4. Non-objective
      5. Rectilinear
      6. Curvilinear
      7. Positive/negative
   I. Value/light and dark
      1. List the attributes of value:
         a. Value pattern - high key, low key
         b. Value as emphasis
         c. Value and space
      2. Describe the techniques to achieve value
   J. Color
      1. Define the properties of color:
         a. Hue
         b. Value
         c. Intensity
      2. Compare cool/warm colors
      3. Describe how color is used to achieve balance and space
      4. Describe the role of color schemes in architectural design
      5. Describe the effects color is used to achieve, including:
         a. Local, optical, arbitrary
         b. Emotional color
         c. Color symbolism
         d. Color versus value

II. Fundamental Principles, Generalizations, and Theories as Applied to
Understanding Three-Dimensional Design
   A. Design conceptualization (where ideas come from)
      1. Describe the need for both originality and sources
      2. Describe the role of sketching and modeling in the creative
process
      3. Describe the steps of the creative design process:
         a. Acceptance and definition
         b. Ideation
         c. Judgment (a continuous decision-making process)
   B. Visual elements of form
      1. Define line, including:
         a. Direction — the fundamental characteristic
         b. Explicit and implicit lines
      2. Describe how surface is the fundamental characteristic of plane
      3. Define volume
      4. Explain how the visual elements are combined
   C. Describe the visual properties of form, including:
       1. Shape
       2. Size
       3. Color
       4. Texture
       5. Position
       6. Orientation
       7. Visual inertia
       8. Primary shapes
       9. Platonic solids
      10. Regular and irregular forms
      11. Transformation of form
      12. Dimensional transformation
      13. Subtractive forms
      14. Additive forms, including:
          a. Centralized
          b. Linear
          c. Radial
          d. Clustered
          e. Grid
      15. Formal collisions of geometry
      16. Articulation of form:
          a. Edges and corners
          b. Surfaces
   D. Organization of form
      1. Describe the role of perception, including:
         a. Resemblance
         b. Proximity
         c. Similarity
      2. Explain the physical forces related to form:
         a. Weight
         b. Balance (equilibrium/stability)
         c. Gravity
         d. Tension
         e. Compression
         f. Torsion (shear)
      3. Describe the spatial organizational systems, including:
         a. Cellular
         b. Cylindrical/core structure
         c. Planar systems
         d. Trusses and space frames
         e. Rigid frame
         f. Slab
         g. Shell
         h. Cable
         i. Membrane
   E. Organizations of form and space
      1. Describe the spatial relationships, including:
         a. Space within a space
         b. Interlocking spaces
         c. Adjacent spaces
         d. Spaces linked by a common space
      2. Describe the spatial organizations:
         a. Centralized
         b. Linear
         c. Radial
         d. Clustered
         e. Grid

III. Circulation
   A. Describe the elements of circulation:
      1. The building approach
      2. Building entrances
      3. Configuration of the path
      4. Path-space relationships
      5. Form of the circulation space

IV. Proportion and Scale
   A. Define proportion
   B. Describe proportioning systems, including:
      1. The golden section
      2. The orders
      3. Renaissance theories
      4. The modulator
      5. The ken
      6. Anthropomorphic proportions
   C. Define scale and describe its effect on design

V. Principles for the Organization of Forms and Spaces
   A. In specific designs, apply each of the following principles:
      1. Axis
      2. Symmetry
      3. Hierarchy
      4. Datum
      5. Rhythm and repetition
      6. Transformation

VI. Architectural Design Considerations for Effective Functional Space
   A. In specific design, apply each of the following functions:
      1. Activity/space relationships
      2. Ergonomics
      3. Circulation
      4. Structural organization
      5. Mechanical services
   B. For each of the following state context:
      1. Site features (foliage, topography, views, etc.)
      2. Climate (sun, wind, temperature, humidity, etc.)
      3. Man-made characteristics (existing buildings, services)
   C. For each of the following modes of production, allow for:
      1. Specific materials
      2. Required crafts and levels of craftsmanship
   D. To create an appropriate artistic statement incorporate each of the
following:
      1. Composition
      2. Archetypal form
      3. Spatial behavior

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

   Submission of final portfolio    70% of grade
   Sketchbook assignment            10% of grade
   Attendance/class participation   10% of grade
   Written research assignments     10% of grade
                                   100%

Attitude and Work Habits: Although attendance is important, productive
attitudes and work habits affect morale, efficiency, accuracy and safety
in the studio, and will be a factor in determining grades. In addition,
collaboration and teamwork will be expected and evaluated.

Studio work will be evaluated through scheduled group critiques,
individual project evaluation forms and conferences.

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 210

Title: Design History & Society*
Number: ARCH 210
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Describe the various forces of culture and society that manifest themselves in designed objects.
Analyze how aesthetics, technology, economics, politics, government, and other social factors influenced the development of design.
Investigate the evolution of design as a trade or profession and consider its dynamic and changing nature.
Trace the development from agrarian communities to modern manufacturing societies and how the systems used by those societies evolve and affect the nature of designed objects.
Examine how expanding global contact and the accompanying influence of non-European cultures has influenced Western design.
Demonstrate an understanding of how media and changes in communication have affected design and the design process.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Manifestation of Culture and Society in Design
A. Consider the role of design in religious and feudal societies such as in monastic communities and scriptoria.
B. Examine how market-driven capitalist societies have nourished the development of design.
C. Recognize how urbanization has increasingly separated creators from consumers.
D. Identify the shifting centers of influence.
1. Local focus of feudal systems
2. The role of church and religion
3. The establishment of centralized monarchies, kingdoms, and countries
4. Post-World War II shifts in society and centers of influence
E. Understand the contributions of education and wealth to the appreciation and consumption of designed objects.
F. Examine the importance of mass marketing of values like fame and style to drive desire for designed products.

II. Technology and Economics
A. Recognize the nascent forms of design created in antiquity using ephemeral materials such as fiber, animal parts, mud, and simple pigments.
B. Recognize the scope of design in a low technology environment of handcrafted objects.
C. Examine the development of paper and printing processes and systems.
1. Chinese paper and printing technology
2. German contributions in typography and printing
3. Photography and half-tone printing
4. Cold type and computers
D. Understand how increasing mechanization and new processes affect the production and form of produced objects.
1. Mass production and automation
2. Economies of scale reduces costs
3. Industrial manufacturing processes transfer influence to consumer markets
4. Computers changing from mainframes to handheld expand their role
5. The expansive development of increasingly affordable design software
6. The explosion of CAD/CAM capabilities
E. Understand how industrial materials have increased design options.
1. Synthetics and polymers and plastics and other expanded options replace more basic materials
2. Depletion of materials and sustainable options
F. Examine the importance of mass marketing of consumer goods to the design process.
1. Catalog retailers in the 19th Century
2. Development of wholesale/retail networks
3. Shopping malls and big-box stores
4. Online communication expanding sourcing and selling options allowing niche marketing

III. Politics and Government
A. Examine how war and nationalistic propaganda have contributed to design.
1. Election and political campaigns needing propaganda vehicles
2. Fund raising, bond drives, and recruiting posters
B. Consider the use of design as a display of national pride at expositions and world’s fairs.

IV. The Training and Educational Systems That Contributed to the Professionalization of Design
A. Understand the nature of localized and individualized training and production.
B. Identify the contributions of guilds and workshops.
C. Recognize the various late nineteenth and early twentieth century local or regional movements.
1. Arts and Crafts
2. Japonisme and Ukiyo-e
3. Art Nouveau
4. Jugendstil
5. Vienna Secession
6. Peter Behrens and rationalism
7. Futurism & Constructivism
8. De Stijl
9. The Bauhaus
D. Recognize the centralized systems developed by governmental or quasi-governmental academies.
1. Establishment of French Academies
2. Establishment of academies and schools across Europe based on the French model
E. Understand the development and contributions of university-based education.
1. Establishment of colleges and land grant institutions in the United States
2. Expansion of education in the United States with the GI Bill of Rights

V. Design in Increasingly Urbanized Societies
A. Recognize how increasing population density in urban areas has affected the impact of visual influences.
B. Identify how the cultural and ethnic diversity found in urban areas contributes to design.
C. Consider the development of the Arts and Crafts movement in response to increasing industrialization.

VI. Globalization and Design
A. Recognize the limitations of small-scale community-focused design.
B. Identify how increasing contacts with distant peoples contributes to the form of design objects.
1. Increasing contact between ancient cultures in the Mediterranean, North Atlantic, and elsewhere
2. Medieval Crusades and pilgrimages
3. Muslim traders
4. Asian materials and designs
C. Understand the impact of designing and producing objects for distant consumers.
1. Differences in labor costs and manufacturing specialization
2. Communicating with and marketing to a non-local audience

VII. Communication and Design
A. Consider the various forms of electric and electronic media and their contribution to design.
1. Shift from verbal to audio to visual communication
2. The affect of immediacy as communication gets quicker
3. The continuing truth of Marshall McLuhan’s idea of “The Medium is the Message”
B. Examine the relationship of sales, feedback, and consumer research on designed objects.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

1. Quizzes and examinations – 50-80% of course grade 
2. Additional written assignments or projects – 20-50% of course grade 
3. Grades corresponding to the traditional academic formula: 
   90-100% = A 
   80-89% = B 
   70-79% = C 
   60-69% = D 
   59% or less = F

Caveats:

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 240

Title: Architectural History: Ancient to Middle Ages*
Number: ARCH 240
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Demonstrate knowledge of the evolution of architectural forms from prehistoric origins to the Middle Ages.
Demonstrate knowledge of Pre-Columbian society and its architecture.
Explain the relationship between Byzantine and Islamic architecture.
Differentiate the design elements of each period.
Identify specific buildings and evaluate their importance to architectural history.
Discuss how cultural forces shape architecture.
Recognize and describe how the natural environment dictates the usage of materials and the types of architectural forms for any one given area.
Identify technological advances in construction methods.
Define and demonstrate use of architectural terminology.
Analyze buildings using fundamental design principles.
Demonstrate a working knowledge of how past architectural forms influence present design.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Introduction to the History of Architecture
   A. Relate the application of history to design theory. 
   B. Discuss the meaning of culture and its value to design. 
   C. Identify the origins of architecture in the prehistoric world.

II. The Architecture of Ancient Egypt
   A. The natural environment and the civilization of Egypt.             

      1. Differentiate between time periods – Old Kingdom, Middle
Kingdom and New Kingdom.              
      2. Discuss lower and upper Egypt.
      3. Discuss the geographic isolation, climate and culture of ancient
Egypt.
   B. The importance of religion in Egyptian society and its relevance to
tomb architecture. 
      1. Identify the mastaba and the stepped pyramid.
      2. Discuss the Isis and Osiris myth and ka.
   C. The Pyramids.
      1. Describe Giza, the City of the Dead.
      2. Compare and contrast the Pyramids of Cheops, Chephren and
Mycerinus. 
      3. Discuss the Great Sphinx and other symbolic architecture.
      4. Identify hieroglyphic symbols and fetishes and their association
with Egyptian architecture.
   D. New Kingdom burials.
      1. Describe the Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens.
      2. Discuss the mortuary temple as the beginning of architectural
aesthetics.
      3. Discuss the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut and analyze its various
elements.          
      4. Discuss the role of the social and religious thought changes and
their implication to the New Kingdom Temple.
   E. The Kingdom of Amon-Re.
      1. Discuss the architectural elements and symbolism.
      2. Describe the composition of light in spatial relationships.
      3. Investigate the human response to architecture.
      4. Differentiate between the Temple of Luxor and the Temple at
Karnak.
   F. Discuss the construction feat at Abu Simbel.

III. Pre-Columbian Architecture
   A. The Mayan and Aztec civilizations.
      1. Describe the Mayan pyramid and its function.
      2. Discuss the ball court and the religious importance of the
“game.” 
      3. List the characteristics of early Mayan architecture.
      4. Discuss the similarities of Mayan architecture to Egyptian or
classical Greek architecture.
      5. Discuss Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital.
   B. Peruvian civilization and architecture.
      1. Discuss the organization of the Incas cities.
      2. Describe Machu Picchu in terms of interaction between man and
environment.

IV. Greek Architecture
   A. Early life and culture on the island of Crete.
      1. Describe Minoan civilization and architecture.
      2. Discuss the Palace of Knossos and evaluate its historical
importance in frescoes and decorative art.
   B. Describe the development of mainland Greece and the rise of
Mycenaean civilization.
   C. Introduction to Classicism.
      1. Discuss the architectural systems.
      2. Discuss and identify the Classical Orders.
   D. The development of the Doric temple.
      1. Discuss the concept of the temple.
      2. Identify important examples of Doric temples.
   E. The “Golden Age of Greece.”
      1. Discuss the history and social functions of the Acropolis.
      2. Identify and discuss the architecture of the Acropolis.
      3. Analyze the Parthenon and describe Greek refinements.
      4. Discuss the beginnings of architectural theory.
   F. Religious and political life in ancient Greece.
      1. Evaluate the relationship between religion and politics in
ancient Greece.
      2. Describe the agora.
      3. Describe the stoa.
   G. Describe town planning and urban design in Greek cities in Asia
Minor.
   H. The evolution of the Greek idea of sanctuary and the grouping of
sacred buildings and shrines.
      1. Describe the city of Delphi and identify its architecture.
      2. Discuss the architecture of open-air athletic events – the
stadium and hippodrome.
   I. Describe housing and living standards in ancient Greek cities.
   J. The Greek theater and its origins.
      1. Identify the parts of the Greek theater.
      2. Discuss how the theater related to Greek life.
   K. Relate platonic thought on beauty and morality to Greek
architecture.

V. The Architecture of Ancient Rome
   A. Discuss the historical background of Rome and the diffusion of Greek
culture.
   B. Identify the beginnings of the Etruscan architecture.
   C. Temple architecture and its relationship to human affairs in Rome.
      1. Discuss concrete construction and veneering.
      2. Identify and analyze the important examples of temple
architecture.
      3. Discuss the circular temple and its symbolism.
   D. Discuss the writings of Vitruvius.
   E. Commemorative architecture of political leadership.
      1. Describe the forum and identify important examples.
      2. Compare and contrast the triumphal arches of Titus, Septimus
Severus and Constantine.
   F. Roman engineering and architectural design.
      1. Discuss the construction and technology used in building the
aqueducts.
      2. Identify important examples of aqueducts in the Roman Empire.
      3. Discuss the Pantheon and analyze its form and space.
   G. Define “spatial envelope.”
   H. City life and urban amenities.
      1. Discuss the recreational life of the Romans and its translation
into architecture.
      2. Describe the Roman Coliseum and identify its elements.
      3. Describe the amphitheater and compare it to the Greek theater.
      4. Explain the Roman circus and identify its elements.
      5. Describe the basilica and its function.
      6. Describe the layout of the Roman Baths and explain the
progression of rooms and their individual purposes.
   I. Roman housing.
      1. Discuss how housing was a reflection of social conditions.
      2. Describe the insula.
      3. Describe the domus and identify its elements.
   J. The cities at military outposts.
      1. Discuss the organization of the castrum.
      2. Describe the city gate and its symbolism.
      3. Describe events in Pompeii and Herculaneum that helped to
document Roman life and architecture.
   K. Discuss the contributions of the classical world to architecture.

VI. Introduction to the Middle Ages
   A. Discuss the Christian era in the Middle Ages and the development of
European Medieval culture.
   B. List the factors contributing to the decline of the Roman Empire and
how it relates to architecture.
   C. Explain how the persecution of the Christians led to the building of
the catacombs.
   D. Explain how the rise of Christianity influenced architecture.

VII. Early Christian Architecture
   A. The centrally planned church.
      1. Describe how the origins of the centrally planned church are
related to the ancient mausoleum and tholos.
      2. Discuss the influence of Roman art and architecture on the
church.
      3. Identify and analyze important early churches.
   B. The basilica plan.
      1. Discuss the adaptation of the Roman basilica by Christians.
      2. Describe the significance of didactic art in church
architecture.
      3. Discuss the history of old St. Peter’s basilica and describe
its architecture. 
   C. Aesthetic character of early Christian architecture.
      1. Discuss the relevance of the church as state architecture.
      2. Discuss the artistic symbolism and tradition of adornment in
Early Christian architecture.
      3. Explain how monumentality was expressed in architectural form.

VIII.   Byzantine Architecture
   A. Discuss the social and political conditions in Western Europe during
the fifth and sixth centuries.
   B. Discuss the importance of the city of Ravenna to architecture.
      1. Identify significant architecture of Ravenna.
      2. Discuss the programming of didactic art in an architectural
context.
   C. Form-space relationships in Byzantine architecture.
      1. Discuss the Byzantine domes and their symbolism.
      2. Explain single and multiple focus domical architecture.
      3. Discuss the interrelationship between architectural space and the
structural system.
      4. Compare and contrast the design of San Vitale with that of San
Marco.
   D. Santa Sophia.
      1. Discuss the history of Constantinople.
      2. Analyze the original Santa Sophia and discuss historical
changes.
      3. Explain the development of the pendentive.
      4. Discuss the composition of architectural space in Santa Sophia.
      5. Describe the role of mysticism and light in the architecture of
Santa Sophia.

IX. Islamic Architecture
   A. The spread of Islam.
      1. Discuss the dissemination of Islam after the death of Mohammed.
      2. Analyze the change of concept in architecture as the Arabs went
from nomads to conquerors.
      3. Identify the elements that made the new architecture of the
conquering Muslims identifiable as Islamic.
      4. Discuss the shared roots of Islamic and Byzantine architecture.
      5. Compare and contrast Islamic and Byzantine architecture.
   B. Moorish architecture in Spain and North Africa.
      1. Discuss the Muslim history of occupation in Spain and North
Africa.
      2. Identify important examples of the mosque and describe common
elements.
      3. Discuss the ornamental elements of Islamic architecture.
      4. Discuss the importance of geometry in Islamic design and
ornament.
      5. Discuss and analyze the Alhambra.
   C. Review the history and design of Hagia Sophia (Santa Sophia).

X. Romanesque Architecture
   A. Western Europe before the Romanesque period.
      1. Describe life during the Dark Ages.
      2. Describe the role of the church in European culture.
   B. The development of architecture for pilgrimages.
      1. Explain how and why pilgrimages became a normal occurrence.
      2. Describe the circulation and development of a floor plan for
pilgrimage churches.
      3. Explain the beginnings of advanced structural system – barrel
and ribbed barrel vaults.
      4. Identify important pilgrimage churches.
   C. Pisa – Cathedral, Campanile, Baptistry.
      1. Describe the surface articulation of building form in relation to
the structures at Pisa.
      2. Explain the architectural composition and the harmony of design
for the buildings at Pisa.
   D. Norman architecture.
      1. Discuss the relationship between Romanesque architecture and the
development of Norman architecture.
      2. Discuss the innovations in vaulting and buttressing developed
during this period.
      3. Explain quadripartite and sexpartite systems.
      4. Identify important examples of Norman architecture.

XI. Gothic Architecture
   A. Discuss the transition from Romanesque to Gothic architecture.
   B. Discuss the historical setting in the 12th and 13th centuries and
the development of towns.
   C. Discuss the influence of Gothic ideology on architecture.
   D. Discuss the rise of universities and the development of
scholasticism.
   E. Early Gothic architecture in France.
      1. Discuss the economics of cathedral building.
      2. Discuss the role of the architect in cathedral building.
      3. Identify and analyze the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris as well as
Chartres Cathedral.
      4. Discuss the continued development of vaulting in the Gothic era.
   F. High Gothic style.
      1. Discuss the development of the High Gothic style and its
dissemination throughout Europe.
      2. List and define the principles of design and the aesthetic
elements of Gothic architecture.
      3. Identify the important elements in High Gothic cathedral design
and construction.
      4. Discuss the role of the master mason.
   G. Gothic architecture in England.
      1. Describe the French influence on English cathedrals.
      2. Differentiate between the Lancet style and the Decorated style.
      3. Discuss the geometric and curvilinear divisions in English Gothic
architecture.
      4. Identify and analyze important English Gothic cathedrals.
   H. Identify the important characteristics of Gothic architecture in
Italy and Germany.
   I. Late Gothic architecture.
      1. Describe the characteristics of Flamboyant Gothic architecture.
      2. Discuss the English Perpendicular style.
      3. Discuss the culmination of Gothic vaulting and define the
associated terms.

XII. Medieval Secular and Domestic Architecture
   A. Medieval urbanization.
      1. Describe the influence of the Romans on medieval towns.
      2. Discuss the reasons for the walled city and describe urban
conditions.
      3. Discuss the medieval theater and its role in society.
   B. Castles and fortifications.
      1. Discuss the societal aspects of the castle.
      2. Describe architecture for defense and list the associated
elements.
      3. Identify important examples of castles and fortification
architecture.
   C. Discuss special-purpose public buildings of the Middle Ages.
   D. Discuss the stylistic change from fortified to domestic architecture
with regards to palaces and town houses.
   E. Describe medieval domestic housing and its construction.
   F. Provide a transition from Middle Ages to the Renaissance.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Attendance/class participation        10%-15% of grade
Quizzes and examinations              40%-60% of grade
Written research papers and projects  25%-40% of grade

Grading Scale:

 100% - 90% = A
  89% - 80% = B
  79% - 70% = C
  69% - 60% = D
  59% - 50% = F

Caveats:

None

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 240H

No information found.

ARCH 241

Title: Architectural History: Renaissance to Enlightenment*
Number: ARCH 241
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Demonstrate knowledge of the progression of architectural design from Renaissance to the period of Enlightenment.
Explain the relationships between Eastern religions and philosophies and their respective architecture.
Differentiate the design elements of each period.
Explain the principles of design and explain their application to each structure.
Identify technological advances in construction methods.
Define and demonstrate use of architectural terminology.
Identify specific works by name, location and architect.
Discuss the shaping of architecture by cultural forces.
Discuss the concept of selected buildings.
Define the emerging role of the architect.
Name building materials and reasons for their selection.
Explain the correlation between art and architecture.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Introduction to the Renaissance
   A. Review the Late Middle Ages as a background for the emergence of the
Renaissance.
   B. Examine the beginnings of the Renaissance in Italy from a social
perspective.
   C. Form and meaning in Renaissance art.
      1. Discuss Humanism and the development of the individual.
      2. Evaluate the concept of patronage and its value to the world of
art and architecture.
      3. Provide a survey of artistic developments.

II. The Italian Renaissance
   A. The Renaissance in Florence.
      1. Explain the concept of “design competitions” and their role
in architectural development.
      2. List the Renaissance design criteria for “beauty.”
      3. Discuss the integration of art and architecture in Ghiberti’s
doors at the Cathedral Baptistery.
      4. Analyze the construction of Brunelleschi’s dome at the
Cathedral of Florence and its importance to the city.
      5. Evaluate the impact of Alberti on the architecture of Florence.
      6. Identify important Florence architects and their architecture.
   B. Discuss palace and court life in the early Renaissance.
   C. Architecture in Milan.
      1. Discuss the genius of Leonardo da Vinci and his contribution to
architecture.
      2. Discuss the education of architects during the Renaissance.
      3. Identify the symbolism in the centrally planned church.
   D. Rome in the High Renaissance.
      1. Discuss the role of the church in Renaissance architecture.
      2. Explain the symbolism and use of sacred numbers in church
architecture.
      3. Discuss the architects and the symbolic elements involved in the
rebuilding of St. Peter’s.
   E. The architecture and theory of Palladio.
      1. Describe Palladio’s influence on European architecture.
      2. Explain Palladio’s theory of design.
      3. Identify and analyze selected architecture by Palladio.
   F. Discuss the work of Michelangelo and his impact on Renaissance
architecture.
   G. Describe the Renaissance theory of the “ideal city.”
   H. The piazza as urban space.
      1. Define the piazza and its role in city life.
      2. Discuss the spatial envelope in the urban environment.
      3. Identify and analyze selected piazzas.
      4. Describe the public spaces of Venice.
   I. Mannerism in Italian architecture.
      1. Discuss the political and social changes in Europe during this
period.
      2. Provide a historical background for Mannerism.
      3. Identify and analyze Italian architecture and the architects
influenced by Mannerism.
   J. Discuss the historical process and cross-cultural influences in the
dissemination of design during the Renaissance throughout Europe.

III. The Renaissance in France
   A. Discuss the French monarchy and the Italian influence on French
architecture.
   B. Examine the development of the chateau and French court life.
   C. Identify and analyze selected chateaux of the Loire Valley.
   D. Describe the Louvre in a historical context and analyze its modern
changes.
   E. Discuss and identify important town planning projects in Paris.

IV. The Renaissance in Other Countries
   A. Discuss the Renaissance in Spain with particular attention to the
Italian influence.
   B. Discuss the Renaissance in England including the impact of the
northern climate and the influence of Palladio.

V. The Renaissance in Review
   A. List the elements that characterize Renaissance architecture.
   B. Describe the role of art and its influence on architecture during
the Renaissance.

VI. Non-Western Architecture
   A. China
      1. Explain the lack of preservation of Chinese architecture.
      2. Discuss the lack of distinctive changes of style in Chinese
architecture.
      3. Examine the Confucian philosophy of the Chinese houses and the
Taoist philosophy of the Chinese garden.
      4. Analyze the “Forbidden City.”
      5. Discuss the temple and pagoda construction.
   B. Japan
      1. Provide a brief history of Japanese isolationism beginning in the
1630s.
      2. Discuss the influence of the Zen Buddhist on Japanese
architecture.
      3. Analyze the Japanese house.
      4. Identify selected Japanese castles, palaces and temples.
      5. Examine the Japanese influences on Western architecture.
   C. Hindu and Buddhist
      1. Discuss the basic concept of Hinduism and Buddhism and its
relationship to Hindu and Buddhist architectural forms.
      2. Compare and contrast the Hindu temple and the Buddhist stupa.
      3. Discuss “womb” architecture.
      4. Analyze the Buddhist monastery.
      5. Discuss the Hindu abstractions of the circle and the square.
      6. Compare and contrast the Brameswara Temple (Bhubaneswar) to
Angkor Wat (Cambodia).

VII. Baroque Architecture in Italy
   A. City planning and public works in Baroque Italy.
      1. Discuss the rebuilding of the city of Rome and its correlation
with the birth of modern city planning.
      2. Identify and analyze selected piazzas with attention to
individual structures and purpose.
      3. Describe the Trevi Fountain in terms of design for the senses,
materials, subject matter, and as a public space.
      4. Analyze the design of the Spanish Stairs.
   B. Italian ecclesiastical architecture.
      1. Discuss the impact of the Counter-Reformation and of new
scientific discoveries on church architecture.
      2. Discuss the Baroque additions to St. Peter’s, interior and
exterior, as well as the architects involved.
      3. Evaluate the interaction of space and sub-space in the
identification and analysis of selected Italian Baroque churches.
   C. The Baroque palace in Italy.
      1. Discuss the organization of the Italian Baroque palace.
      2. Examine the manipulation of depth cues in the Palazzo Spada.
      3. Compare and contrast the elemental features in selected Baroque
palaces.
   D. Investigate Baroque design principles in landscape architecture.
   E. Evaluate the importance of mathematics and science in the Baroque
age.

VIII. French Baroque
   A. Discuss French culture, politics and society in the Baroque age.
   B. Describe the rebuilding and enlargement of the Louvre.
   C. French religious architecture.
      1. Compare and contrast French and Italian religious architecture.
      2. Analyze selected French religious architecture and identify the
architects.
   D. The French chateau in the Baroque age.
      1. Evaluate the composition of the French chateau in the Baroque
age.
      2. Discuss the development of French Classicism.
      3. Discuss the history and the layout of Versailles.
   E. Urban design in 18th century France.
      1. Identify selected urban projects and public squares.
      2. Discuss the spatial relations in interconnecting public squares.

IX. The Baroque Age in Germany, Austria and England
   A. Identify selected architecture in Austria and England.
   B. Discuss Baroque architecture in England.

X. The Baroque Age in Review
   A. List the characteristics of Baroque design.
   B. Compare and contrast the elements Baroque architecture with
Renaissance architecture.

XI. The Age of Enlightenment
   A. Discuss the philosophy of the “Age of Reason.”
   B. Evaluate academicism in architecture.
   C. Identify the influence of the ancient work and the Renaissance in
the return to Classicism.
   D. Evaluate rationalism of urban design in the 18th century.
   E. Identify selected conceptual architecture.

XII. Preview Romanticism and the Modern Era

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Attendance/class participation        10%-15% of grade
Quizzes and examinations              40%-60% of grade
Written research papers and projects  25%-40% of grade

Grading Scale:
 100% - 90% = A
  89% - 80% = B
  79% - 70% = C
  69% - 60% = D
  59% - 50% = F

Caveats:

It is suggested that ARCH 240 be taken before ARCH 241.

Student Responsibilites:

Disabilities:

ARCH 241H

No information found.

ARCH 245

Title: Architectural History: Modern*
Number: ARCH 245
Effective Term: Spring/Summer 2014
Credit Hours: 3
Contact Hours: 3
Lecture Hours: 3

Requirements:

Prerequisites or corequisites: RDG 126 or College Reading Readiness

Description:

Course Fees:

None

Textbooks:

http://bookstore.jccc.edu/

Supplies:

Refer to the instructor's course syllabus for details about any supplies that may be required.

Objectives

Demonstrate knowledge of the progression of architectural design from the 19th century to the end of the Modern Era.
Differentiate the stylistic movements of the Modern Era.
Discuss the principles of design and explain their application to each structure.
Discuss the shaping of architecture by cultural forces.
Discuss the correlation between art and architecture.
Identify technological advances in construction methods.
Define and demonstrate use of architectural terminology.
Name various types of building materials and rationales for their selection.
Identify specific works by name, location, architect and period.
Examine the design and function of specific buildings.
Define the emerging role of the architect.
Execute in-depth architectural analyses.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I.  Review the Industrial Revolution.
   A. Explain the impact on architecture through the use of new
materials.
   B. Address the need for new building types.
   C. Discuss the changing role of the architect.

II.  Architecture in the 19th Century
   A. Discuss the rise of Architectural Eclecticism.
   B. Discuss the origins of Neoclassicism.
      1. Evaluate the rise of Neoclassicism in Europe, Russia and the
United States.
      2. Identify important Neoclassical architects and their respective
works and theories.
   C. Investigate the causes and the building types of the Gothic
Revival.
   D. Discuss the École des Beaux-Arts. 
      1. Identify selected European works and their respective
architects.
      2. Evaluate the importance of the École des Beaux-Arts on North
American Architecture and architectural education.
   E. Discuss the impact of new architectural materials of the period. 
   F. Discuss the development of the Arts and Crafts Movement.
      1. Investigate the societal reasons behind the movement.
      2. Analyze selected works and the architect’s philosophy behind
them.
   G. Analyze the origins, architects and works of Art Nouveau.
   H. Investigate the Viennese Secession.
   I. Discuss the search for an American Architectural Style.
      1. Analyze “Richardson Romanesque.”
      2. Identify the “Chicago School” and its associated architects.
      3. Evaluate the architectural impact of McKim, Mead and White.

III. The 20th Century and Modernism 
   A. Examine the Idea of Modernism.
   B. Describe the different stylistic movements of early Modernism.
      1. Discuss the development of the “Prairie House” by Frank Lloyd
Wright.
      2. Review Peter Behrens and the Deutscher Werkbund.
      3. Explore “Futurism and Constructivism.”
      4. Examine Dutch and German Expressionism.
      5. Analyze Art Deco and its materials.
      6. Explain the rationale behind the De Stijl movement.
   C. Discuss the development of reinforced concrete and its importance to
20th-century engineering and architecture.
   D. Analyze the early works of Le Corbusier.
   E. Discuss Walter Gropius and Bauhaus, and their impact on Modernism.
   F. Analyze the direction of architecture during the “Late
Modernism” period.
      1. Discuss Mies van der Rohe and his contribution to Modernism.
      2. Explore the International Style and its promoters.
      3. Compare the later works of Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier to
their earlier designs.
   G. Investigate the architects of the mid and late 20th century and
compare their works.
   H. Discuss the decline of Modernism and the architects of
Post-Modernism.

Method of Evaluation and Competencies:

Attendance/class participation      10% - 15% of grade
Quizzes and examinations            50% - 80% of grade
Research projects                   10% - 35% of grade
Total                               100%

Grade Criteria:
90% - 100% A
80% - 89% B
70% - 79% C
60% - 69% D
59% and below F