Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Indigenous Peoples of North America and Kansas, approximately 900-1500

A. Discuss the cultures, economies, politics, and relationships with the natural environment of the Indigenous nations and peoples who lived in, traveled through and to the region now known as Kansas.

B. Examine relationships between the Indigenous nations and peoples who lived in, traveled through and to the region now known as Kansas.

II. Colonization, Migration, Immigration, and Kansas, approximately 1500-1900

A. Explain European colonization and its consequences for Indigenous nations and peoples, as well as the landscape of Kansas.

B. Describe the experiences of peoples who moved to and through – forcibly or voluntarily – what we now call Kansas, including Indigenous peoples forcibly moved by U.S. Indian policy, migrants from within the U.S., and foreign immigrants.

C. Compare and contrast the cultures and communities of the many peoples living in Kansas.

D. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in Kansas.

E. Assess the role of the natural environment in the lives of peoples in Kansas.

F. Examine systems of governing among the peoples of Kansas and the creation and existence of “Kansas” as a political entity in the United States of America.

G. Examine work, commerce, and industries in Kansas, including agriculture and railroads.

III. Modern Kansas, approximately 1900-present

A. Describe the experiences of peoples who moved to, through, and within Kansas.

B. Compare and contrast the cultures and communities of the many peoples living in Kansas, including federally recognized tribes, immigrants/migrants, and long-term residents.

C. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in Kansas.

D. Assess the role of the natural environment in the lives of peoples in Kansas, including the Dust Bowl.

E. Evaluate local political trends and their connection to state and national politics, including populism, school segregation, and rise of the New Right.

F. Examine work, commerce, and industries in Kansas, including agriculture, mining, and energy.

IV. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Ancient Near East

A. Describe the development of civilization in Mesopotamia and Egypt.

B. Summarize the mytho-histories of ancient near Eastern cultures.

C. Trace the formation of the first empires.

D. Identify cultural, economic, and migratory developments of coastal civilizations, including Phoenicia and Israel.

II. Mediterranean Worlds

A. Trace the migration of peoples to and through the Mediterranean.

B. Summarize the political, social, and economic developments in Greek, Roman, and Persian societies.

C. Discuss different cultural traditions, such as literature, art, and architecture.

D. Analyze Jewish history and culture.

E. Examine the emergence and growth of Christianity.

III. The World of Late Antiquity

A. Summarize the various crises of the late empire and assess the attempts to restore order.

B. Analyze Constantine’s support of Christianity and the creation of a new capital at Constantinople.

C. Describe how peoples of Central Asia, including the Huns, affected migration patterns in western Eurasia among Germanic peoples.

D. Discuss the collapse of empire in the west and the continuation of empire in the east.

IV. Western Christendom and the Medieval Period

A. Summarize the rise of the papacy and its influence in the west.

B. Analyze the emergence of Islam, its Jewish and Christian contexts, and its impact on the Mediterranean world.

C. Describe the reemergence of empire in the west and its relationship with the Church.

D. Discuss the cultural traditions of Western Christendom, such as literature, the writing of history, art, and architecture.

V. The Renaissance

A. Describe the spread of the Black Death across Afro-Eurasia and its effects on society in Europe.

B. Discuss the rise of humanism and the vernacular.

C. Discuss changes in artistic style that characterize the Renaissance.

D. Trace Iberian explorations for new sea routes to Asia, including along the African coast, and the beginnings of the Atlantic World.

VI. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Western World on the Eve of 1500

A. Explain how the “West” fits into the concept of the Afro-Eurasian web.

B. Describe the pre-existing multicultural exchanges that existed across the Afro-Eurasian web by approximately 1500.

C. Identify the motivations and technologies that contributed to transoceanic exploration.

D. Examine the ways that transoceanic exploration changed peoples and places across the globe.

E. Analyze the ways that global exchanges transformed the Western world.

II. Religious Reformations

A. Identify the various religious communities in the Western world and their place in the social and political institutions of the West.

B. Discuss the causes of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations.

C. Discuss how the Protestant and Catholic Reformations affected social, political, and cultural patterns in Europe and other parts of the globe.

III. Scientific Revolution

A. Examine the different groups of the Afro-Eurasian web who contributed knowledge to the Scientific Revolution.

B. Explain how the outlook of the Scientific Revolution compared to previous ways of knowing.

C. Identify the contributions of major scientific thinkers of the 16th and 17th centuries.

IV. Enlightenment

A. Analyze the causes and consequences of the Enlightenment in Europe and other parts of the globe.

B. Identify major figures of the Enlightenment and principles of Enlightenment thought.

C. Describe how the ethos of the Enlightenment influenced the beliefs and actions of people in Western societies and the West’s interactions with people and places in other parts of the globe.

D. Discuss the relationship between Enlightenment thought and the political and economic transformations of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Europe and other parts of the globe.

V. Constitutionalism

A. Explain the causes and consequences of the Atlantic Revolutions.

B. Discuss the different goals of people involved and affected by the Atlantic Revolutions, including those who benefitted from or lost out during these processes.

C. Outline features of contract theory and constitutionalism.

VI. Industrialization

A. Summarize the causes and consequences of industrialization.

B. Debate the relationship between industrialization and imperialism.

C. Discuss the ways that industrialization affected social, political, and cultural patterns.

VII. Romanticism

A. Identify the major characteristics of Romanticism.

B. Explain why Romanticism is often identified as a counter movement in history.

C. Discuss major examples of Romantic literature.

VIII. Theories and Movements in the Nineteenth Century

A. Describe new scientific theories and innovations of the nineteenth century and their influence on Western society.

B. Examine the political theories and developments that present the nineteenth century as an "age of progress" for Western Civilization.

C. Identify cultural dissenters and their critiques of nineteenth-century political, social, and economic progress.

IX. Western to World Civilization

A. Identify the major events and ideas that shaped communities in the West in the 20th and 21st centuries.

B. Explain how various communities in the Western world responded to the World Wars.

C. Analyze the global perspectives that inform concepts in the Western world today.

D. Evaluate the concept of Western Civilization.

X. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Emergence of Christianity

A. Characterize Second Temple Judaism at the beginning of the Roman Empire.

B. Summarize the emergence of Christianity, its Jewish context, and its spread among non-Jewish communities.

C. Analyze differences in theology and praxis of early Christianity.

D. Summarize the emergence of orthodox Christianity and the institution of the Church.

II. Transformations of the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity

A. Summarize the various crises of the late empire and assess the attempts to restore order.

B. Discuss the Christianization of the Roman Empire.

C. Trace migrations of peoples in the Mediterranean world, Central Europe, and Central Asia, including conflicts with the Roman Empire.

D. Describe the influence of non-Roman cultures upon the empire.

III. The Fall of the West

A. Summarize the decline of the Roman Empire in the west and the emergence of independent kingdoms.

B. Discuss the rise of the papacy.

C. Describe the continuation and transformation of the Roman Empire in the east.

IV: The Early Middle Ages

A. Summarize the emergence of the Merovingian Dynasty and the creation of the Carolingian Empire.

B. Analyze the rise of Western Christendom and debate the relationships between the papacy, the Church, and empire.

C. Explain the rise of monasticism in the West and discuss the Rule of St. Benedict.

D. Analyze the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in Britain and their conversion to Christianity.

E. Summarize the decline of the Carolingian Empire, the development of the manorial order, and the movement of Vikings throughout northwest Europe.

V. The Central Middle Ages

A. Explain the Gregorian Reforms and debate the Investiture Controversy.

B. Discuss the emergence of universities, new ideas, and the writings of key intellectuals.

C. Summarize the growth of powerful monarchs in England, France, and Southern Italy and the re-formation of empire in Germany.

D. Discuss the relationship between urbanization, the emergence of the Mendicant orders, and the role of women in both the Church and society.

E. Discuss new art forms, including the Gothic style.

VI: The Crusades and the Wider World

A. Summarize the emergence of Islam, the expansion of the caliphate, and the conquests of Turkic peoples in western Eurasia.

B. Examine the decline of the Byzantine empire and its relationship to Western Europe.   

C. Discuss the origin of the Crusades and the motivations of its participants.

D. Identify the Crusader States and discuss the movement of people, ideas, and culture between Western Europe and the wider world.

VII: The Late Middle Ages

A. Analyze political, social, economic, and diplomatic developments in western, central, and northern Europe and the Byzantine Empire.

B. Discuss medieval warfare and the effects of war upon society, such as in the Hundred Years’ War.

C. Summarize the decline of papal power and major controversies in the Church.

D. Trace the spread of the Black Death along regional trade patterns and discuss its impact on society.

E. Discuss developments in vernacular culture, including art and literature, that gave rise to the Renaissance.

VIII. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Medieval and Modern Society Characteristics

A. Summarize the general social, economic, and political characteristics of medieval Europe.

B. Summarize the general social, economic , and political characteristics of modern Europe.

C. Compare and contrast the general characteristics of medieval and modern Europe.

II. Fifteenth-century Renaissance Culture

A. Identify the favorable geographical and political conditions for economic and cultural development in fifteenth century Italy.

B. Compare and contrast the sources of artistic patronage in medieval and Renaissance Europe, and their influence on art and intellectual life.

C. Summarize the intellectual and cultural transformation created by the Renaissance.

III. Protestant and Catholic Reformations

A. Identify points of religious dissent in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries as exemplified by the Hussites, Devotio Moderna, Christian Humanism, and the councilar movement.

B. Explain the main theological points of contention between Martin Luther and the Catholic Church.

C. Describe Luther’s break with the Church and provide reasons for the success of his  challenge to Church authority.

D. Summarize  the contributions to Protestant theology made by Calvin and Zwingli.

E. Elaborate on the policies and reforms enacted by the Church in response to the Protestant Reformation.

F. Identify the characteristics of Baroque art and assess the Church’s use of this artistic style in  the Catholic Reformation.

IV. Europe in Asia in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

A. Describe the events and developments that provided impetus for the fifteenth- century maritime exploration from the Atlantic seaboard.

B. Explain the manner in which the Portugese and Dutch established their commercial interests in Africa and Asia.

C. Summarize the economic and cultural impact on both sides of the inter cultural contact between Europe and Asia.

V. Europe in the Western Hemisphere in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

A. Describe the extension of the Spanish control over areas of the Western Hemisphere.

B. Distinguish between traditional forms of slavery and the slavery introduced into the Western Hemisphere in the sixteenth century.

C. Locate the major colonial settlements in the Western Hemisphere.

D. Summarize the economic and cultural impact on both sides of the inter-cultural contact between Europe and the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere and Africa.

VI. Wars of Religion

A. Describe how religious issues and economic rivalry heightened tensions between Spain and England.

B. Describe the Protestant-Catholic conflict within the Spanish Empire and the creation of an independent Dutch republic.

C. Evaluate the policies of the French monarchs in dealing with Catholic-Protestant conflict within France.

D. Analyze the political and religious sources of wars and related conflicts in the Holy Roman Empire and results of the conflicts for the major states and territories of central Europe.

VII. Economic and Religious Life in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

A. Summarize the transition from a “subsistence culture” to the beginnings of a “consumer culture”.

B. Identify the political, economic, and religious sources of the “witchcraft craze” of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

C. Compare and contrast the condition of the peasantry in the western and eastern Europe during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

VIII. The Scientific Revolution

A. Describe the intellectual climate of the sixteenth century and the way it which it contributed to new learning and dissent. 

B. Identify the scientific discoveries and new theories that challenged traditional sources of intellectual authority in sixteenth-century Europe.

C. Summarize the theories of knowledge developed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to address the intellectual crisis created by the Scientific Revolution.

D. Define “Newtonian science” and identify the philosophical assumptions and values embodied in this science that carried over into intellectual life of the eighteenth century.

IX. Monarchs of the Seventeenth Century

A. Compare and contrast Royal Absolutism in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries with traditional monarchical rule.

B. Analyze the new ideas on state and state sovereignty that provide the intellectual justification for royal absolutism.

C. Describe the political culture created by Louis XIV and its influence on Europe.

D. Evaluate the policies of Peter the Great in his efforts to consolidate power and “modernize” Russia.

E. Compare and contrast the Hapsburg and Hohenzollern monarchs in building and governing their respective states.

X. The English Civil War

A. Identify the economic, social, and political characteristics of England that militated against the development of Royal Absolutism in the seventeenth century.

B. Trace the growing religious and political tensions under the Stuart monarchs to the outbreak of civil war in England.

C. Evaluate the foreign and domestic policies of Cromwell’s government.

D. Analyze the Restoration politics of Charles II and James II and the victory of Parliament in the Glorious Revolution of 1688.

XI. Dynastic Rivalries and Balance of Power Politics

A. Summarize the Anglo-French rivalry from the wars of Louis XIV to the Seven Years' War.

B. Identify the territorial points of contention between Austria, Prussia, and Russia.

C. Assess the foreign and domestic policies of Austria and Prussia that establish their dominance in central and eastern Europe.

XII. The Enlightenment

A. Describe the salon culture and new modes of disseminating ideas and information in the eighteenth century.

B. Identify the institutions, policies, and practices that were particularly subject to criticism by the Enlightenment thinkers.

C. Evaluate the contribution of the Enlightenment to the shaping of the modern world. 

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Pre-Revolutionary Europe and the Transforming Effects of the French
Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire
   A. Describe the general character of the social and political
structures of Europe prior to the French Revolution of 1789 and prevailing
styles in the arts and literature.
   B. Describe the major causes of the French Revolution of 1789, the
course of the revolution, the revolutionary wars and the rise of French
nationalism.
   C. Describe the career of Napoleon Bonaparte, the major characteristics
of his regime, his conquests and defeats, and their effects on Europe.
II. The Causes and Effects of the First Industrial Revolution
   A. List the causes of the first Industrial Revolution and compare the
British experience with that of the European nations.
   B. Discuss the rise of the bourgeoisie.
      1. Describe their way of life, and the literature, art and music
they enjoyed.
      2. Contrast these with the conditions of the agricultural and
working classes of industrializing nations.
      3. Analyze the radical and socialistic political ideologies that
developed in response to the disparities between the bourgeoisie and
working classes.
III. European Conservatism, Romanticism, Nationalism and Liberalism from
the Congress of Vienna to the Revolutions of 1848
   A. List the components of the balance-of-power ideal that molded
European diplomats at the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
   B. Describe the conservative ideologies and regimes that dominated most
of Europe during this period and the means the latter used to enforce their
rule.
   C. Illustrate how romantic nationalism combined with liberalism to
create revolutionary movements throughout Europe, culminating in the
revolutions of 1848.
IV. Mid-Century Reforms in Major European Nations and the Unification of
Italy and of Germany
   A. Discuss mid-century reform efforts in Great Britain, France, the
Austro-Hungarian Empire and Russia.
   B. Describe the unification of Germany and Italy, compare the roles of
nationalistic ideals, German and Italian leaders, international diplomacy,
war and the press in these processes.
   C. Analyze the effects of the creation of Germany upon the European
balance of power.
V. European Social, Political and Intellectual Responses to Science and
Industrialization During the Later Nineteenth Century
   A. Discuss Marxism and the formation and evolution of working-class
movements during this period.
   B. Describe the major components of the second Industrial Revolution
and the effects of improving economic consumption upon the bourgeois and
working classes.
   C. Illustrate the mass-European emigration movements that resulted from
famine, industrialization and political revolutions from the mid-nineteenth
century onward.
   D. Identify the effects of scientific and technological advances, and
of Social Darwinism on European thought, literature, the arts and major
political ideologies.
VI. European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century
   A. Present an overview of the empires several European nations had
created on other continents by the nineteenth century and the means
imperialist powers used to maintain control and their effects on India,
China and Japan.
   B. Compare colonialism with imperialism, citing nationalism, the growth
of democracy and literacy, the press and other tensions inside European
nations during the late nineteenth century that led to imperialism.
   C. Describe how imperialism  led to the partitioning of Africa during
the late nineteenth century and to conflicts among European nations.
VII. The Causes, Character, and Consequences of World War I
   A. Discuss late-nineteenth century European nationalism, the alliance
system and other causes of World War I, the war’s main military and
technological developments, and its effects on civilians.
   B. Discuss how World War I destabilized the German, Austrian, Russian
and Ottoman Empires and list the aims, successes and failures of the
Versailles Peace Conference.
   C. Describe the Communist revolution of 1917 in Russia and the
subsequent civil war.
            
VIII. Europe in the 1920s
   A. Describe the effects of peace upon European economies of the early
1920s.
   B. Characterize the types of political movements that arose in the
aftermath of the war and show how Mussolini gained power in Italy.
   C. List and describe the major movements in philosophy, literature and
the arts that characterized post-war Europe.
IX. The Causes and Effects of the Great Depression and Totalitarianism
   A. Describe the Crash of 1929 and the economic effects of the Great
Depression that followed.
   B. Compare Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany and Communist USSR.
   C. List the steps by which World War II broke out in 1939.
X. World War II
   A. Outline the major military and diplomatic events of the war.
   B. Describe the war’s major technological developments and their
effects.
   C. Describe how the war affected civilians generally and Nazi efforts
to exterminate the Jews and other populations.
XI. Post-War Europe and Life During the Cold War
   A. Describe the new world order that emerged by 1945 and list the major
causes and crises of the Cold War.
   B. Discuss the social, economic and political conditions in a Europe
dominated by Cold War.
   C. Show how European worldwide empires dissolved between 1945 and the
1960s.
XII. New Europe and the End of the Cold War, and the Re-Emergence of
Ethnic Rivalries
   A. Describe efforts at European economic and political unity during the
post-war decades.
   B. Discuss the collapse of Communism and the re-emergence of ethnic
rivalries in post-Cold War Europe.
   C. Describe European ways of life in the age of global markets and
Europe’s new role in the world.

The successful completion of at least 60% of the elements described
above, demonstrated during a minimum of three examinations that include
essay responses and other written assignments at the instructor’s
discretion during the semester. See the instructor’s syllabus for the
percentage of grade assigned to each.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Africa: The Continent and Its People

A. Describe the myths and stereotypes relating to the African continent and its people.

B. Compare and contrast these myths and stereotypes with the historical reality.

C. Describe the geography and demography of the African continent based on a variety of perspectives from which descriptions have been drawn.

D. Identify specific themes that have characterized geographical and demographical study of the African continent.

E. Illustrate the diversity of languages spoken across the African continent.

F. Describe the ethnic groupings and cultures on the continent.

G. Describe the rural/urban linkages that characterize intranational and international relations on the continent.

II. African Traditional Institutions

A. Explain the principal cultural forms and institutions traditional to African nations.

B. Define the traditional kinship patterns and forms of marriage across Africa.

C. Explain typical models of family life and methods of socialization.

D. Identify the traditional religious concepts in African society and note distinguishing characteristics among them.

E. Present an overview of politics and government in traditional Africa, identifying common as well as unique elements of them.

III. Political Evolution in Historic Africa

A. Identify the characteristics and historical trends in the political evolution of Africa.

B. Describe political traditions in prehistoric and ancient Africa, specifically within the Kingdoms of Egypt, in early and late prehistory, and during the Iron Age and Bantu migrations.

C. Identify the changes and ongoing elements of political tradition from the prehistoric and ancient to the Medieval African period specifically in the Trans-Saharan trade and Islamic states and eastern, central and southern Africa to 1600 A.D.

D. Discuss the indicators and significance of the further evolution of political tradition during the early modern African period (focusing on the Atlantic slave trade and eighteenth-century Africa in general) and in nineteenth-century Africa.

IV. Colonialism and the African Experience

A. Describe and analyze the European rationale for colonialism on the African continent.

B. Examine the consequences of colonial imperialism in Africa in terms of its impact on European empires.

C. Translate British, French, and Portuguese concepts of race into practical manifestations during the period of colonial rule.

D. Identify the basic elements of the philosophy that supported colonial rule in Africa.

E. Describe the common experiences of African peoples under colonial rule.

V. African Nationalism and the Struggle for Freedom

A. Explain the factors contributing to the rise of modern African nationalism.

B. Identify the conditions that made possible the emergence in Africa of disaffection and resistance to colonial oppression.

C. Relate the characteristics and manifestations of African resistance.

D. Explain the role of missionary churches and World Wars I and II in the development of resistance to colonialism.

E. Discuss the emergence and characteristics of the Pan-Africanism independence movements.

F. Relate the significance of the League of Nations and the United Nations to African resistance.

VI. African Independence

A. Trace the decolonization process and the transfer of power in the wake of colonial withdrawal.

B. Explain the processes of centralization of power, regional identification, and separatism that accompanied independence movements.

C. Discuss the basic obstacles and challenges to these independence movements.

D. Analyze the causes and results of the attendant political instability.

E. Note the post-independence policy choices that characterized the end of colonialism and the rise of independent African nations.

F. Identify and explain the failures that accompanied independence.

G. Characterize the triumphs that independence brought the African people.

H. Discuss the economic and political reforms that accompanied independence.

VII. South Africa: A Case Study

A. Present a historical overview of South Africa from 1652-1910.

B. Define apartheid.

C. Identify the foundations established to enforce apartheid.

D. Describe the forms of African resistance to apartheid that emerged.

E. Explain the international significance that apartheid assumed, especially the role of the United States in opposing it.

F. List the sanctions imposed on the South African government and describe their effect on the dismantling of apartheid.

G. Describe the negotiation and election processes that facilitated the transfer of power from the white minority to the black majority.

VIII. Africa in World Affairs Since Independence

A. Analyze African nations’ role in international affairs in the aftermath of independence, particularly during the Cold War.

B. Explain the non-aligned movement and its significance in post-independence Africa.

C. Describe the creation and significance of the Organization of African Unity (OAU).

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Foundations of Eastern Civilizations to 600 CE

A. Evaluate the concept of Eastern Civilization.

B. Identify major geographic features of India, China, Japan, and Korea and how these features have influenced the history of these regions.

C. Describe the early settlement patterns and features of the first urban societies for these regions.

D. Discuss the types of archeological, written, and other primary source artifacts available to study these regions during this period. 

E. Summarize the mythology of peoples in each region and its role in the various social aspects of these regions.

F. Explain the development of centralized governments in India and China.

G. Examine the role of the Mandate of Heaven in the Chinese dynastic cycle and features of the Mauryan and Gupta empires of India.

H. Define the major principles of Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, Confucianism, Legalism, Shinto and Zen Buddhism.

I. Give examples of cross-cultural exchanges across Eurasia during this period.

J. Give examples of human interactions with the environment during this period.

II. Early States and Societies from 600 to 900 CE

A. Describe aspects of daily life among and within different groups in these regions.

B. Discuss socio-political developments, religious transformations, building projects, and environmental considerations under the Sui and Tang dynasties of China.

C. Explain the development of centralized governments in Japan and Korea.

D. Compare the cultures and dynasties of northern and southern India.

E. Give examples of cross-cultural exchanges across Eurasia during this period.

F. Give examples of human interactions with the environment during this period.

III. States and Societies from 900 to 1300 CE

A. Describe aspects of daily life among and within different groups in these regions.

B. Identify the achievements and challenges of the Song dynasty.

C. Discuss features of Mongol rule in China.

D. Compare Korea under Silla, Goryeo, and Mongol rule.

E. Explain key aspects of Heian court culture, the rise of warrior rule (shogunate), and samurai culture in Japan.

F. Summarize the spread of early Muslim kingdoms in India and the major principles of Islam.

G. Give examples of cross-cultural exchanges across Eurasia during this period.

H. Give examples of human interactions with the environment during this period.

IV. States and Societies from 1300 to 1800

A. Describe aspects of daily life among and within different groups in these regions.

B. Outline the policies of the Mughal empire in India and features of life under Mughal rule.

C. Compare the Yuan, Ming, and Qing eras in China.

D. Summarize aspects of the Warring States Period in Japan and the transition to the Tokugawa Shogunate.

E. Explain key aspects of life and politics in Joseon Korea, especially the reliance on systems of slavery.

F. Compare each region's response to the increased presence of European merchants and/or missionaries.

G. Give examples of cross-cultural exchanges within these regions and with other areas of the globe during this period.

H. Give examples of human interactions with the environment during this period.

V. States and Societies from 1800 to the present

A. Describe aspects of daily life among different groups in these regions.

B. Discuss British rule in India, features and personalities of the independence movements, and the partition of the Indian sub-continent.

C. Analyze causes and effects of the Opium Wars.

D. Explain the Meiji Restoration, Japanese modernization, militarism, and expansionism.

E. Discuss features of life and politics in Korea during Japanese colonialization.

F. Examine socio-political developments in each region during the second half of the 20th century.

G. Summarize the internal and external policies of each region in 21st century, including human interactions with the environment.

H. Compare features of Eastern Civilization with other parts of the world, including the influence of the cultures of these regions in other parts of the world.

VI. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments. 

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. African Origins and American Enslavement, 1300-1865

A. Describe the peoples and empires of West and Central Africa, and their cultural legacies in the western hemisphere.

B. Compare the processes of enslavement between different parts of the Atlantic world.

C. Analyze the ways enslavement and freedom helped shape concepts of racial identity.

D. Explain and evaluate the process by which slavery was abolished in the United States.

II. Post-Emancipation, 1865-1945

A. Explain how equal citizenship rights were embodied in the U.S. Constitution, and the extent to which they were realized in actual practice.

B. Describe different models of Black leadership and civil rights activism.

C. Analyze the ways migration and urbanization influenced African American society.

D. Explain major African American cultural achievements following emancipation.

III. Contemporary, 1945 to the present

A. Describe the process, and evaluate the success, of post-World War II Black civil rights movements.

B. Analyze the ways that racial identity continues to change in a global society.

C. Explain how African American activism has evolved in recent decades.

D. Describe the ways that contemporary racial dialogue influences American politics and culture.

IV. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Colonial America, 1500s-1760s

A. Examine Indigenous peoples lives, cultures, economies, and interactions in the Western Hemisphere.

B. Trace the journey made by African slaves from western Africa to the Americas and discuss the origins of the African American culture that resulted.

C. Discuss the conquest of the Western Hemisphere by Europeans and compare the colonization efforts of the Spanish, French, and British.

D. Analyze and discuss interactions and conflicts between the many peoples in Colonial North America.

II. Revolutionary Era, 1760s-1800

A. Examine the Seven Years War and its aftermath.

B. Analyze political, social, economic, and diplomatic developments of the American Revolution.

C. Explain the accomplishments and failures of the Articles of Confederation government.

D. Describe the process by which the US Constitution was developed and how it is different from the Articles of Confederation.

III. A Growing United States, 1800-1850s

A. Describe and analyze significant events in the creation and development of American society, institutions, and political structures in the Early Republic.

B. Explain the origins of political parties in the United States and their impact.

C. Describe the impact of the Market Revolution on American society.

D. Analyze the various types of reform during this period including: religious, temperance, abolitionism, and women’s rights.

E. Describe the Indian policy, its impact, and how Indigenous nations and peoples resisted those efforts.

F. Analyze the changing experience of enslavement and its impact on African American culture.

G. Explain the origins, developments, and consequences of the Mexican War and the impact of that war on the various peoples in the West and sectional politics

IV. The Civil War and Reconstruction, 1850s-1870s

A. Analyze the political and social conditions that eventually led to civil conflict in 1861.

B. Analyze political, social, economic, and diplomatic developments and consequences of the Civil War.

C. Assess the role of African Americans in the Civil War and Reconstruction.

D. Assess the mismatched ambitions and results of Reconstruction.

V. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Late Nineteenth Century/Early Twentieth Century, Approximately 1877 to 1920

A. Discuss the political, economic, and social consequences of the end of Reconstruction.

B. Explain how equal citizenship rights were embodied in the U.S. Constitution, and the extent to which they were realized in actual practice.

C. Assess U.S. expansion and the impacts of Federal Indian legislation on Indigenous peoples and the nation.

D. Discuss the social, economic and political impact of rapid industrialization on the United States.

E. Discuss the emergence of reform efforts and identify the major reforms.

F. Explain the role of the federal and state governments in regulating the economy.

G. Analyze the "New Empire" and its implication in the Caribbean, Latin America, the Far East and in the Pacific.

H. Discuss the causes and consequences of World War I, at home and abroad.

II. Early to Mid-Twentieth Century, Approximately 1920-1945

A. Trace political, social, economic, and diplomatic developments of the interwar years.

B. Identify the causes and impact of the Great Depression.

C. Explain the role of governments and the New Deal in addressing the Great Depression.

D. Identify the long-term political, economic and social consequences of the New Deal.

E. Discuss the causes and consequences of World War II, at home and abroad.

F. Explain how equal citizenship rights were embodied in the U.S. Constitution, and the extent to which they were realized in actual practice.

III. Mid to Late Twentieth Century, Approximately 1945-2000

A. Explain the causes and consequences of the Cold War, at home and abroad.

B. Explain how equal citizenship rights were embodied in the U.S. Constitution, and the extent to which they were realized in actual practice.

C. Identify the national trends in politics and government, including the decline of the New Deal coalition and the rise of the New Left and the New Right.

D. Discuss the emergence of reform and rights movements and identify the major issues and reforms.

IV. Twenty-First Century, Approximately 2000-present

A. Explain how equal citizenship rights were embodied in the U.S. Constitution, and the extent to which they were realized in actual practice.

B. Analyze the causes and consequences of 9/11/2001 and the war on terror, at home and abroad.

C. Discuss the social, economic and political impact of digital technologies on the United States.

D. Discuss the emergence of reform efforts and identify the major reforms.

E. Explain the changing role of the federal and state governments.

F. Describe the relationship of the United States to international events and trends.

V. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Rise of Ancient Civilizations in the Near East and Egypt

A. Describe the rise of Neolithic farming communities in Anatolia and the Levant.

B. Discuss how riverine civilizations rose along the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia and the Nile in Egypt.

C. Outline the political, religious, military, economic, social, and cultural components of the early Sumerian and Egyptian civilizations.

II. Achievements of the Ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian Civilizations

A. Display the varied patterns of intertwined religious and political structures in the civilizations.

B. Outline the economic components and social structures that allowed these civilizations to maintain military prowess.

C. Describe the role that writing and the arts played in creating and maintaining these civilizations.

III. The Civilizations of Anatolia and the Levant

A. Discuss the emergence of Iron Age technology in Anatolia and the emergence of the Hittite, Phoenician, and Hebrew civilizations.

B. Describe the rise and fall of the Hittite kingdom.

C. Explain how the Phoenician and Hebrew kingdoms survived amid their more powerful neighbors.

D. Examine the economic social bases of their survival.

E. Analyze their cultures and religions.

IV. The Persian Achaeminid Civilization

A. Outline the career and conquests of Cyrus the Great and his son Cambyses.

B. Analyze the military and political components of Persian rule.

C. Discuss early Persian religion and culture.

D. Explain the long-term cultural and military significance of the Persian joining of South Asia, the Near East, Egypt, and southeastern Europe into a single political Europe.

V. The Earliest Greek Civilizations

A. Describe Bronze Age patterns of migration and trade in the eastern Mediterranean.

B. Analyze the components of the palace civilizations that arose in Crete and on the Greek mainland.

C. Examine the historicity of the Trojan War.

VI. The Dark Age of Greece

A. Examine hypotheses historians have offered to explain the decline of Aegean Greek civilizations.

B. Discuss Greek art and literature during the Geometric Age.

C. Show how Greek business people were able to develop an alphabet based on a Phoenician original.

D. Discuss historians' theories about migrations and the emergence of Iron tools and weaponry.

VII. The Creation of Archaic Greek Civilization

A. Discuss the components of the Greek "polis" or city-state, their social structure, and the political institutions that resulted.

B. Compare the new military tactics that emerged in the period with those described in the Illiad and why inter-polis warfare was endemic.

C. Compare and contrast the lives of Greek men and women throughout the social structure.

VIII. Archaic Greek Intellectual, Cultural, and Artistic Innovations

A. Summarize and evaluate early Greek achievements in science and philosophy.

B. Discuss Greek literary, artistic, and architectural innovations during this period and how they reflected the emerging Greek institutions of this period.

C. Explain why the Greeks invented sports, how they resembled or differed from our own, and the role of the gymnasium on Greek male life.

D. Name and explain the significance of developing Greek panhellenic institutions for Greek civilization.

IX. Sparta's Achievements and Vulnerabilities

A. Analyze and evaluate Sparta's economic, social, and political systems.

B. Show how Sparta and its Peloponnesian League were able to maintain military dominance of Greece at this time.

C. Examine role that the idea of Sparta played in the Greek imagination.

X. Causes and Consequences of the Greco-Persian Wars

A. Evaluate our sources of information about the Persian Wars.

B. Review the rise of the Achaeminid Empire in Persia.

C. Describe the reactions of the Ionian Greek poleis of Anatolia to Persian rule.

D. Summarize the Persian invasion of Greece by Darius in 490 B.C.E. and the results.

E. Summarize the Persian invasion of Greece by Xerxes in 480-79 B.C.E. and the results.

XI. Athens and its Rise to Prominence

A. Summarize stories about the early history of Athens down through the career of Solon.

B. Describe Athenian political institutions during the sixth century B.C.E. and evaluate the Peisistratid tyranny.

C. Examine accounts of the overthrow of the Peisistratids and Cleitsthenes' establishment of the Athenian democracy.

D. Describe the reasons for positive developments in the Athenian economy during this period.

E. Explain how Athens utilized the defeat of the second Persian expedition strengthened the Athenian democracy and allowed Athens to attempt to establish hegemony over the Aegean area.

XII. Causes and Consequences of the Athenian Struggle for Greek Hegemony

A. Critically examine the career and achievements of the Athenian leader Pericles.

B. Describe the cause of the Peloponnesian War and its course before 415.

C. Analyze the rise of the "New Men" in Athenian politics following the death of Pericles.

D. Critically examine the career of Alcibiades and the course and consequences of the Sicilian expedition of 415 B.C.E.

E. Describe the final decade of the Peloponnesian War, and the causes and consequences of the Athenian defeat.

XIII. Greek Intellectual, Literary, and Artistic Achievements During Athenian Cultural Prominence

A. Show how the sophists rose to prominence in democratic Athens and affected political and philosophical debates.

B. Describe the extent of Pericles' public works program, its inspiration, its source of income, and its components.

C. Summarize Greek achievements in sculpture and painting during this period.

D. Evaluate the political role of Greek tragedy and comedy.

E. Describe the emergence of Greek prose as epitomized in the works of Herodotus, Thucydides, and Plato.

XIV. Greece Following Athens' Defeat in the Peloponnesian War and the Rise of Macedonia

A. Discuss reasons for the decline of Sparta and the rise of Thebes during the fourth century B.C.E.

B. Explain developments in the Athenian democracy during this period.

C. Analyze political, military, and cultural developments in Macedonia down to the reign of Phillip II.

D. Describe the character and achievements of Phillip II of Macedon, in particular, his conquest of Greece in 338 B.C.E.

XV. Alexander of Macedon and the Expansion of Greek Civilization

A. Describe Alexander's youth and the circumstances of his accession to the throne of Macedonia.

B. Summarize and analyze Alexander's conquest of the Persian Empire, and his early death.

C. Assess political and cultural conditions in Alexander's successor kingdoms in Egypt and the Near East following Alexander's death.

D. Define "Hellenism" and its effects and consequences on the politics, languages, cultures, arts, and sciences of Greece, the Near East, and Egypt.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The Legendary Foundation of Rome

A. Describe and evaluate the limited sources available for the early history of Rome, and compare and contrast it with the archaeological evidence.

B. Relate the legends of Rome's foundation by Romulus and Remus and other stories from the Roman historian Livy and explain how they exemplify the values of the later Roman aristocratic class.

II. The Social System and Political Constitution of the Roman Republic

A. Explain Rome's mission to Athens to discover a model of civic government.

B. Describe in detail the social orders of republican Rome, their struggles, the system of public offices and elections that evolved, and the role of religion in it.

III. Roman Expansion up to the First Punic War

A. Compare the city of Rome with its Latin and Etruscan neighbors.

B. Explain Rome's system of exploiting its conquered neighbors for soldiers and rewarding them with Roman citizenship.

IV. The Punic Wars and Rome's Triumph

A. Describe Carthaginian civilization and Carthage's rise to dominance in the western Mediterranean.

B. Explain how Roman exploits in Sicily led to conflict with Carthage and the First Punic War.

C. Summarize and assess the military career of Hannibal of Carthage and the threat that he represented to Rome during the Second Punic War.

D. Summarize the defeat of Carthage in the Third Punic War and its consequences for Roman power.

V. Rome's Involvement in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Consequences

A. Analyze and evaluate Polybius' portrait of Rome and its rise to power.

B. Explain how Rome's ferocious military reputation and its skilled diplomacy with eastern Mediterranean kingdoms gradually allowed it to take over the region by 67 B.C.E.

VI. Roman Art, Literature, and Thought Before and After Hellenistic Influences

A. Examine the artistic culture of Rome from the earliest phase through the 300s B.C.E. and evaluate the consequences of Greek influence on Roman architecture and art during subsequent centuries.

B. Assess the effects of Hellenization on Roman writing thought and rhetoric during the second and first centuries B.C.E.

C. Describe the Roman legal system and the influence of Greek rhetoric on it and Roman politics.

VII. Challenges to the Roman Republican Constitution

A. Discuss the growing economic disparities among Rome's social orders that led to the rise and demise of the Gracchus brothers.

B. Describe and analyze the "Social War" and the consequences of the struggle between Marius and Sulla.

C. Analyze the causes of the Spartacus Rebellion and the nature of its repression.

D. Trace the career of Cnaius Pompeius and his victories, and analyze the Roman political situation upon his return from the East.

E. Trace the career of Marcus Tullius Cicero as a "new man," lawyer, popularizer of Greek ideas, and Roman politician.

VIII. Julius Caesar and the Breakdown of the Roman Republic

A. Trace the career of Gaius Julius Caesar through his alliance with Pompeius, his first consulship, and his governorship of Gaul.

B. Evaluate Caesar's literary and propaganda skills and describe his relationship with Cicero.

C. Explain the reasons for war between Caesar and Pompeius and the consequences for the republic of Caesar's victory and subsequent murder.

IX. The Civil Wars and Octavian's Constitutional Arrangements

A. Describe the triumvirate set up among Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus and the proscriptions which followed.

B. Explain how the relationship between Octavian and Antony gradually eroded, leading to the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C.E.

C. Show how, by 27 B.C.E. Octavian had consolidated all power under his control in the name of "restoring" the Roman Republic.

D. Describe the major events of the remainder of his reign.

X. Roman Imperial Administration, Politics, Society and Economy in the First and Second centuries C.E.

A. Analyze the political tensions among emperors, the senatorial class, and the Roman military during this time.

B. Analyze the military situation around the borders of the Roman empire.

C. Describe the condition of slaves, the working poor, the Roman "mob," and the wealthy classes and analyze the consequences of these during this period.

D. Survey and contrast the major geographic areas of the empire and summarize the reasons for Roman economic prosperity during this period.

XI. Roman Literature, Art, and Religions During the First and Second Centuries C.E.

A. Discuss the works of the major Roman writers in poetry and history during the late republic.

B. Summarize the artistic and literary trends of the early empire.

C. Analyze and evaluate changes in Mediterranean religions during the late-B.C.E. and early C.E. centuries.

XII. Third-Century Threats to the Roman Empire and Their Consequences

A. Evaluate weaknesses in the process of Roman imperial succession, the explosion of multiple emperors and civil wars at this time, and their effects on the Roman economy and military threats from outside the empire.

B. Describe the rise of the Sassanid Empire, its ambitions on Rome's eastern frontier, and its military challenge to Rome.

C. Analyze the emergence of Eurasian migrations during the third-century C.E., and their effects on Rome's northeastern frontiers and the above struggles.

XIII. Stabilization and Renewed Challenges During the Fourth and Fifth Centuries

A. Describe the success of Diocletian in stabilizing the Roman Empire his system of administration and imperial succession, and his economic policies.

B. Examine the career of Constantine, his struggle for imperial succession, and his religious policies.

C. Analyze the successes and failures of Constantine's successors during the rest of the fourth century C.E.

XIV. The Gradual Collapse of the Roman Empire in the West and Concepts of "Fall" versus "Evolution"

A. Outline the movements of barbarian groups during the late fourth- and fifth centuries C.E.

B. Account for the continuing strengths of the eastern empire.

C. Explain the breakdown of imperial rule in the western empire and show how the latter gradually was replaced by "barbarian" kingdoms.

D. Trace the role of the Christian church in both parts of the empire during this period.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Ancient Civilizations, c. 3000-500 BCE

A. Compare and contrast the cultures, religions, economies, politics, and relationships with the natural environment of the peoples who lived in, traveled through and to the region now known as India.

B. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in India.

C. Discuss the Harappan/Indus River Valley Civilization.

D. Examine Indo-European migrants to and through the region now known as India, as well as the Vedic period.

II. Empires and Civilizations, c. 500 BCE – 500 CE

A. Compare and contrast the cultures, communities, politics, and relationships with the natural environment of peoples living in India.

B. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in India.

C. Analyze the role of the Gupta and Mauryan empires in India.

D. Examine the role of Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.

E. Discuss commerce and trade.

III. Power Changes, c. 500 – 1850s CE

A. Compare and contrast the cultures, communities, religions, and relationships with the natural world of peoples living in India.

B. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in India.

C. Describe the Islamic conquests, as well as their social, political, and religious power and influence in India, including with the Mughal empire.

D. Assess the role of the Sikh community and Sikhism in India.

E. Examine the effect of European empires in India.

F. Discuss commerce and trade.

III. Modern India, c. 1850s-Present

A. Compare and contrast the cultures, communities, religions, and relationships with the natural world of peoples living in India.

B. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between peoples living in India.

C. Assess the purpose and impact of British colonization.

D. Analyze the Indian Independence Movement.

E. Explain the creation of independent India and Pakistan.

F. Describe the social and political structures of independent India.

G. Analyze the regional and international role of India.

H. Discuss the Indian diaspora.

IV. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources, including cultural aesthetics such as literature, art, or architecture.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Near East Pre-Islam

A. Analyze the struggle of the Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sassanid Empire for control of the Near East

B. Discuss the emerging close relationships between religion and the state during the early Common Era

1. Compare the relationship of the Orthodox Church and the Byzantine Empire to that of the Zoroastrian religion and the Sassanid Empire

2. Examine parallel movements in near-eastern Judaism

C. Explain the significance of the pro-Byzantine Ghassanid and the pro-Sassanian Lakmid kingdoms on the northern edge of the Arabian Peninsula

D. Consider the significance of the term “holy war,” as used by the Byzantine emperor Heraclius in his successful struggle against the Sassanids

E. Describe the campaigns of the Ethiopians, the pro Byzantine Kinds tribe, and the Sassanids around Mecca in the period of Muhammad’s birth

F. Examine the pockets of Jewish influence in the Arabian Peninsula

G. Explain the religious situation in Mecca prior to Muhammad’s Prophecy.

II. The Life of the Prophet Muhammad

A. Describe the context of Muhammad’s birth, youth, and early career

B. Discuss the revelation of the Qur’an to Muhammad and how this was recorded in the later text

C. Explain the reasons for and the consequences of Muhammad’s Hejira (flight) to Yathrib (henceforth Medina) in 622

D. Describe the struggle for the control of Mecca, 624-630

III. Teachings and Practices of Islam and the Qur’an

A. Define “Islam” and “Muslim.”

B. Identify the Five Pillars of Islam and explain the significance of each

1. The Shahadah

2. Salah

3. Zakat

4. Sawm

5. The Hajj

C. Define and explain the significance of the following Islamic concepts:

1. “shirk”

2. “jihad”

3. “umma”

4. The names of God: tanzih versus tashbih

5. The Night Journey and the Seventh Heaven

6. The Jinn

7. Paradise and Hell

D. Evaluate the significance of the prior Prophets and Maryam (the Virgin Mary), and their roles in Qur’anic narrative and Islam

E. Summarize Muhammad’s “Night Journey.”

F. Discuss the history and role of Mecca and the Ka’ba in Islam

IV. The Qur’an, Biography (Sira) of Muhammad, and the Hadith

A. Delineate various views as to the oral transmission and writing down of the Qur’an

B. Describe the status and authority of the Qur’an in Islam

C. Summarize the arguments used for the Qur’an’s “inimitability.”

D. Discuss the significance of Ibn Ishaq’s life of Muhammad (sira) and other early texts on the subject

E. Compare the several versions of hadith and describe their significance as sources for the life of Muhammad and Islamic law

V. Islam in Arabia

A. Analyze Muhammad as prophet, military leader, and statesman, and show how Islam created a new identity for the Arabian tribes

B. Explain the significance of Muhammad’s wives, children, and cousin Ali, in the development of Islam

C. Show how the Caliph Abu Bakr ultimately united the rival Arabian tribes and, under Caliph Omar, Damascus and the Byzantine Middle East were seized

D. Describe the struggles for succession that occurred upon the murder of the Caliph Othman, the subsequent establishment of the Ummayad caliphate at Damascus, and the significance of the death of Husayn at Karbala

E. Outline the subsequent Islamic conquests of North Africa, Spain, Persia, and beyond in the late 600’s and early 700’s, and offer reasons for their success

VI. The Main Branches of Islam

A. Identify the theological positions of Khawarij and other Islamic movements of the eighth century C.E. and show their significance to the formation of subsequent Islamic identity

B. Relate the development of Shia and Sunni branches of Islam to rebellions against the Ummayad caliphate

C. Discuss the significance of the establishment of the Abbasid caliphate to theological developments within Islam

D. Show how Sunni emerged in reaction to Shia identity

E. Contrast the differences between Shia and Sunni theology, practice, and institutions

F. Compare the doctrinal differences among the several branches of Shia Islam:  the Zaydi (“Fiver-Imam”), the Ithna ‘ashariyyah (“Twelver-Imam”), and the Ismaili (“Seveners”)

VII. The Abbasid Caliphate, Turkic and Persian Muslim Rule, and Christian Crusades

A. Discuss the establishment of the Abbasid caliphate

1. Analyze the Abbasid theory of kingship, the significance of the construction of Baghdad as the capital, and the administration of government

2. Describe Baghdad during the reign of Harun al-Rashid

B. Show how Islam spread into Central Asia and China

C. Outline the challenges to Abbasid rule provided by the Fatimids, various Turkic peoples, the Mongolians, and Tamerlane

D. Summarize the effects of the Christian crusades on the Near East and their continuing impact on Islamic-Christian relations

E. Outline the major Islamic political concepts of rulership and society

F. Define the role the ulama in Islamic learning and politics

VIII. Islamic Civilization’s Classical Period

A. Describe the development of Islamic law, and show its significance for Muslim lives

1. Analyze the relationship between Islamic law and previous legal systems

2. Identify the four main schools of Islamic law, show their geographical distribution, and contrast their major differences

B. Discuss the early history of the Arabic language

1. Evaluate the significance of the rise of Islam for the spread and development of Arabic

2. Assess the influence of Arabic on other western languages, including English

C. Explain the significance of calligraphy in Islamic civilization and its religious role

D. Survey the major developments of Islamic architecture in the following areas:

1. Jerusalem and Syria

2. North Africa and Spain

3. Persia

4. Central Asia

5. India

E. Describe the impact of Islam on the pictorial arts

1. Review modern theories of Islamic aesthetics and the issue of icons

2. Show the significance of decoration in Islamic art and architecture

3. Survey Islamic pictorial art

F. Trace the origins of Arabic literary forms and describe their Islamic developments

G. Summarize the achievements of Ibn Khaldun

H. Discuss the background of Islamic philosophy, identify its major schools, and indicate the basic outlook of each; summarize developments in medicine, science, and mathematics

1. Summarize the heritage of ancient Greek philosophy on Islamic thought

2. Show the role of the Mu’tazilites (rationalists) in transmitting Greek philosophy before and during the Abbasid caliphate and its influence on Twelver-Imam Shia

3. Assess the influence of neo-Platonism and Gnosticism on the theology of the Seveners

4. Describe the issue of God and “the created,” and its significance for Muslim philosophy

5. Describe the issue of universalism versus nominalism and its significance for Muslim philosophy

6. Summarize the synthesis of Plato and Aristotle in the philosophies of al-Kindl and al-Farabi

7. Briefly summarize the philosophical achievements of Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Algazel, and Averroes

8. Summarize the major Islamic achievements in medicine, science and mathematics

IX. Sufi Practices and Literature

A. Discuss the philosophical background and origins of Sufi

B. Identify the purpose and major ritual practices of the Sufi

C. Describe the establishment of Sufi orders and their spread throughout the Islamic world

D. Summarize the relationship between Sufi and the main branches of Islam

E. Identify the attitudes of various Islamic governments towards Sufi

F. Show the significance of the following Sufi authors in the movement’s history:  al-Hallaj, Attar, Ibn Arabi, and Rumi

X. Islamic Civilization in Persia, Central Asia, the Caucasus, India, and Southeast Asia

A. Show the impact of Islam on Persian history and civilization

1. Briefly trace the heritage of Persian civilization prior to the arrival of Islam

2. Describe the architecture, art, philosophy, and literature of Islamic Persia

3. Assess Persian civilization during the reign of Shah Abbas I

B. Show the impact of Islam on India. 

1. Outline the gradual Islamic conquest of India

2. Analyze the special challenges Islam has faced in India and how they have been addressed

3. Describe the intellectual, architectural, and artistic accomplishments of Mughal India

C. Trace the spread of Islam throughout Southeast Asia, the special challenges it faced, and how they were addressed

XI. The Mamluks, Ottoman Empire and Western Imperialism

A. Characterize Mamluk rule and civilization in Syria and Egypt

B. Trace the rise and expansion of the Ottoman Empire, its conflict with Safavid Persia, and its conquests in Christian Europe

C. State the Ottoman structure of political and religious authority, and note the role of Sufi in maintaining it

D. Describe the architectural and artistic achievements of the Ottomans

E. Summarize the political consequences of the military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and developing European nations, and the gradual breakup of the empire

F. Discuss how western “Orientalism” viewed Islam

XII. Islamic Thought and Practice from the Seventeenth to Twenty-First Centuries

A. Outline the main tenets of Wahhabi Islam and note its significance today

B. Contrast the differences between modernist, secular-nationalist, revivalist, and Pan-Islamic movements in the following Islamic dominions:

1. The Ottoman Empire

2. Iran

3. Egypt

C. State and evaluate the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 on Muslims and Islamic states

D. Show the roles of Islamic nations in the Cold War and the Arab political concepts that emerged from that conflict

E. Outline the causes and course of the Islamic revolution in Iran, and discuss its consequences throughout Islam

F. Analyze the causes and consequences of the Islamic diaspora, including that to the United States

G. Discuss the challenges Islam faces in the post-Cold War period and the state of Islam today.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Prehistory

A. Trace the evolution of early humans in Africa and their migrations to Eurasia, the Americas, and Oceania.

B. Discuss the earliest known settlements.

II. The Beginnings of Civilization in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas

A. Map the early development of major civilizations across the globe.

B. Discuss the advent of cities and how they altered political, social, economic, and gender relationships.

C. Compare Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Age technologies.

D. Describe cultural features of early major civilizations, including those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, South Asia, China, and the Americas.

E. Trace early regional trade patterns.

F. Identify early empires and compare their political, social, and economic organizations with those of city-states and kingdoms.

III. Classical Formations

A. Identify the features of classical culture for the major civilizations in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas, including philosophy, architecture, myths, and artistic and literary achievements.

B. Discuss concepts of legitimization that inform political organization in each of the major civilizations for the premodern period.

C. Trace major migrations, military conquests, and the spread of culture across different regions in Afro-Eurasia.

D. Describe the development of major religions for the period, including those of South Asia, East Asia, and the Mediterranean.

E. Summarize the rise of imperial China and its cultural influence on East and Southeast Asia.

F. Summarize the rise of the Roman Empire and its cultural influence on the Mediterranean world.

IV. Medieval Worlds

A. Describe the rise of Christianity and Islam and the relationship between religion and empire.

B. Discuss Byzantium and the fragmentation of the western Roman Empire.

C. Identify cultural achievements of Islamic civilization in different regions.

D. Trace the expansion and contraction of imperial China during the period.

E. Explain the advent of warrior rule in Japan.

V. Afro-Eurasia Interconnectivity

A. Describe the lifestyle of pastoral nomads across Eurasia.

B. Trace the overland and maritime routes of the Silk Road, including in Southeast Asia.

C. Describe the material culture, religions, languages, and peoples traveling upon the Silk Road.

D. Explain the rise of the Mongols, their successive empires, and impact upon trade.

E. Describe the spread of the Black Death across Afro-Eurasia and its effects on society.

F. Discuss the Ming tributary system and its connection to maritime trade in East Asia.

V. Isolated Societies and Their Integration

A. Identify regions of the world that remained relatively isolated from Afro-Eurasia, including Oceania.

B. Discuss the development of the major Sub-Saharan African civilizations and the Bantu migrations.

C. Explain how Sub-Saharan Africa became increasingly connected with the rest of Afro-Eurasia.

D. Explain the Afro-Eurasian slave trade network during the period.

E. Discuss how isolation from Afro-Eurasia affected the development of the Americas.

F. Summarize the main features of the Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations of the period.

G. Discuss Iberian motivations for exploring new sea routes to Asia and the subsequent invasion of the Americas.

H. Assess the effects of the biological and cultural exchanges upon peoples of the Americas and the global population as a whole.

VI. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The World on the Eve of 1500

A. Describe the major diffusions of peoples that had taken place across the globe by 1500.

B. Map the major population centers on the eve of 1500.

C. Summarize major events and trends that define the world on the eve of 1500.

II. Global Convergence

A. Discuss how early cross-Atlantic contact affected the peoples, institutions, and environments of the Western Hemisphere and the Afro-Eurasian Web.

B. Identify features of Indian Ocean trade.

C. Explain the role of East Asia in global networks.

D. Trace diffusion of peoples, culture, ideas, and technologies across the globe, including Oceania.

E. Explain the role of industrialization and other technologies in the intensification of globalization.

F. Examine patterns of seclusion in an age of globalization.

III. Empires and Kingdoms

A. Compare sources of legitimacy and power in empires and kingdoms in the Americas and Afro-Eurasia.

B. Assess the rise and fall of empires and kingdoms.

C. Discuss the different experiences of people in empires and kingdoms, considering how different social roles affect the lives of ordinary people in these polities.

IV. Scientific and Technological Developments

A. Identify the origins and effects of gunpowder weapons in the early modern period.

B. Determine the revolutionary nature of the Scientific Revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries.

C. Assess the processes and effects of industrialization in specific world regions.

D. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of new technologies as seen in different regions and time periods.

V. Social and Political Revolutions

A. Identify major social and political revolutions across the globe since 1500, including the Atlantic Revolutions.

B. Describe the outcomes of these revolutions, including the development of constitutional governments and communist governments.

C. Discuss the different experiences of people in social and political revolutions, considering how different social roles affect lived experiences.

VI. Nationalism and Nation-States

A. Explain the transition from kingdoms to nation-states.

B. Summarize cases of nationalism and nation-state formation and significant figures in these movements.

C. Debate the role of nationalism in the outbreak and trajectory of the World Wars.

D. Discuss the process of decolonization in Africa and Asia, and significant figures in these movements.

VII. World Developments in the 20th and 21st centuries

A. Determine the global causes and consequences of the World Wars.

B. Investigate the rise of new political and social ideologies, including Fascism and Communism.

C. Analyze the significance of social, political, and technological developments since the end of World War 2.

D. Examine the social, political, and economic features of globalization in the 20th and 21st centuries, including the ways that different groups have contributed or been affected by globalization.

VIII. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Premodern Historic and Cultural Foundations of Russian Historical
Development
   A. Identify and describe the role of each of the following historical
events in shaping modern Russian history:
      1. Old Rus: Kiev and Novgorod
      2. The Mongol subjugation
      3. The rise of Muscovy and the beginning of empire
      4. The Time of Troubles and the establishment of the Romanov
dynasty
   B. Explain the influence of the following philosophical and
intellectual developments on modern Russian history:
      1. The Orthodox world view
      2. The Third Rome Theory
      3. The Great Schism
II. Imperial Russia
   A. Describe Peter the Great’s program of aggressive westernization of
Russia, including his social, political and economic goals and foreign
policy objectives.
   B. Assess the influence of Peter the Great’s program of aggressive
westernization on Russian social, economic and political institutions and
their modernization.
   C. Identify the role of each of the following domestic and foreign
policies or events in the development of Russian history:
      1. The transfer of the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg
      2. Peter the Great’s defeat of Charles XII of Sweden in the Great
Northern War
      3. The Pugachev Rebellion
      4. The partitions of Poland
      5. Russification
      6. The Great Patriotic War
      7. The Decembrist Uprising
      8. Aleksandr III’s emancipation of the serfs
      9. The annexation of the Caucasian and Central Asian regions
      10. The industrialization program of Sergei Witte
      11. Bloody Sunday
      12. The agrarian policy of Pyotr Stolypin
      13. World War I
   D. Explain the influence of the following philosophical and
intellectual developments on the course of Imperial Russian history:
      1. The conflicting view of Russia’s past, present and future
offered by the Slavophiles and the Westerners.
      2. The Official Nationality developed under Nikolai I.
      3. The writings of Aleksandr Herzen and Nikolai Chernyshevskii.
      4. The opposing viewpoints of the Social Revolutionaries and the
Social Democrats.
   E. Trace the growth of the Russian empire and describe the traditional
policy of cultural assimilation, including its ramifications.
   F. Identify and describe significant contributions of Imperial Russia
to the Russian cultural tradition from the media of literature, art,
music, theater, ballet and opera.
III. Soviet Russia
   A. Describe the role of each of the following historical events in the
evolution of Soviet Russian history:
      1. War Communism (1918-1922)
      2. Industrialization and Collectivization drives
      3. Great Purge (1930s) and the Gulag
      4. World War II
      5. Subjugation of Eastern Europe
      6. Khrushchev’s Secret Speech at the 20th CPSU Congress
      7. Vietnam and Afghanistan Wars
      8. Perestroika and glasnost (1986-1991)
      9. The collapse of the Berlin Wall
   B. Explain the influence of the following philosophical and
intellectual developments on the evolution of Russian historical
development:
      1. Socialist Realism
      2. The Thaw under Khrushchev and the publication of Aleksandr
Solzhnitsyn’s [One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich]
      3. Andrei Sakharov’s thoughts on the use of nuclear weapons and
his leadership of the Helsinki Watch Group on Human Rights
      4. Samizdat
   C. Trace the growth of the Soviet empire and describe the Soviet policy
toward the nationalities, including its ramifications.
   D. Identify and describe significant Soviet era contributions to the
Russian cultural tradition from the media of literature, art, music and
film.
IV. Post-Soviet Russia
   A. Describe the social, economic and political context in which a  new
Russia” is emerging.
   B. Explain the nationalities problems which the Russian Federation has
inherited from the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. From Colony to Nation
   A. Introduction
      1. List five reasons for studying Latin America.
      2. Identify all of the countries of Latin America and its major
rivers on a blank map.
      3. List four common myths about Latin American nations and describe
how they square with reality.
      4. Explain the major interpretations of Latin America and select
which one matches your current understanding of these nations.
   B. Colonial foundations and legacy
      1. Describe the native peoples of the Americas during the Age of
Discovery.
      2. Summarize how Europeans, especially Columbus and his crews, are
characterized by Kirkpatrick Sale’s essay (handout).
      3. List and define the colonial institutions of the Spanish and the
Portuguese in the New World.
      4. Explain the causes of the wars of independence.
   C. Independence and its aftermath
      1. Show how the independence movements varied across Latin America
and in the Caribbean.
      2. List the impact of the wars of independence upon the nations of
Latin America.
   D. The heritage of independence
      1. Describe how political independence led to economic, religious
and cultural independence from Spain and Portugal.
      2. Trace the legacy of the wars for independence upon the new
nations.
   E. The search for order
      1. Analyze how caudillismo affected the search for political order
in Latin America.
      2. Trace the development of political parties in Latin America and
define their differences.
II. Nation Building
   A. Discuss the key ideas that supported nationalism in the new states.
   B. Ways of life
      1. Compare and contrast rural and urban lifestyles in
nineteenth-century Latin America.
      2. Characterize slavery in Latin America and compare it to slavery
in the U.S.
      3. Discuss the role of women.
      4. Trace the influence of the nineteenth-century Catholic church.
   C. Mexico and Central America
      1. Describe the leadership of Benito Juarez and the elements of La
Reforma.
      2. Identify the major themes of the Porfiriato.
      3. Explain the influence of coffee, bananas and canals on Central
America.
   D. South America
      1. List those influences common to the political, social and
economic development of Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile
and Argentina.
      2. Trace the impact of the War of the Pacific.
      3. Evaluate the influence of the monarchy in Brazil and explain its
longevity.
   E. Culture
      1. Explore the development of an independent Latin American
culture.
      2. Define modernism, positivism, indigenism and other cultural
currents popular at the turn of the century.
   F. Latin America and the U.S.
      1. Select the key events forming the relationship between the U.S.
and Latin America at the turn of the century.
      2. Discuss  dollar "diplomacy", Pan-Americanism and American
interests in the Caribbean in 1900.
III. The Early Twentieth Century
   A. Populism in South America
      1. Define populism and describe some of its examples in South
America.
   B. Dictators of the Caribbean
      1. Summarize the careers of selected Caribbean dictators.
      2. Trace the U.S. role in supporting dictatorships in the Caribbean,
especially Cuba.
   C. Panama, Brazil and Peru
      1. Illustrate the U.S. role in the creation of the canal.
      2. Discuss the decline of Brazil’s Old Republic.
      3. Summarize the changes in Peruvian political life in the 1920s.
   D. Revolutions in Mexico, Brazil and Nicaragua
      1. Describe the various Mexican revolutionaries and their different
agendas.
      2. Trace the course of the Mexican Revolution and list the key
components of the Constitution of 1917.
   E. Depression and Latin America
      1. Discuss the impact of economic nationalism in Argentina and
Brazil.
      2. Describe how Batista and Trujillo maintained power.
   F. Race, culture and gender
      1. Discuss the various theories of race.
      2. Analyze the popularity of indigenismo in Peru.
      3. Explore the role of gender in Latin American culture.
   G. Latin America in World War II
      1. Trace the impact of World War II on Latin America.
      2. Characterize the relationship between Latin American countries
and the U.S. in World War II.
IV. Revolutionary Populism and Anti-Communism
   A. Analyze the populist elements of Getulio Vargas, Juan and Eva Peron,
Haya de la Torre and Juscelino Kubitschek.
   B. Columbia
      1. Describe the period known as "La Violencia."
      2. Discuss the development of the drug trade and show its domestic
and international importance.
   C. Central America/Caribbean Basin
      1. Outline how Costa Rica obtained its unique political legacy.
      2. Trace how Haitian politics have impoverished a nation.
      3. Describe the continuing influence of canal issues in Panamanian
politics.
   D. The Cuban Revolution and its aftermath
      1. Define the U.S. concept of containment.
      2. Outline Castro’s rise to power and his turn toward socialism.
      3. Trace the global impact of the Cuban Revolution.
      4. Describe the place of Cuba in U.S. hemispheric policy.
      5. Assess the success of the Cuban Revolution by century’s end.
   E. Military rule
      1. Discuss the rise of military states in Chile, Argentina, Brazil
and Uruguay.
      2. Evaluate the influence of the U.S. in these military
governments.
   F. Conflict since 1980
      1. Describe the group known as Sendero Luminoso.
      2. Analyze the elements of guerilla movements in Central America.
      3. Discuss the conflict between the contras and the Sandanistas.
      4. Evaluate Cuba’s role in Latin America in the 21st Century.
   G. Latin America in the new century
      1. Sketch the potential impact of economic consortiums, such as
NAFTA, upon Latin America.
      2. Illustrate the influence of Latin American culture upon the U.S.
and Europe.
      3. List the continuing problems that Latin America brings to the new
century.

1) Two short examinations plus a midterm and a final
2) Project paper and presentation
See individual instructor’s syllabus for grading scale.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Four Major Themes of Chinese History: Ancestor Veneration, Geography, Political Autocracy, and Cultural Control

A. Describe the traditional Chinese concern with dead ancestors, and its social and political manifestations.

B. Explain the geographical notion of China as the Middle Kingdom surrounded by barbarians and cite manifestations of it in China's past.

C. Discuss the ramifications of the centrality of the concept of a strong ruler.

D. Show how Chinese rulers have, often successfully, sought control of language, religion, and philosophy.

II. Chinese Neolithic Cultures, Legendary Rulers, and the Impact of the Shang and the Zhou Dynasties

A. Discuss the evidence for Neolithic cultures in China and what can be concluded from it.

B. Outline the legendary history of early China as the Chinese describe it.

C. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Shang and Zhou feudalism.

D. Explain the significance of the bone oracles as a tool of political authority and for the role of writing in Chinese Civilization.

III. The Later Zhou and the Warring States Period

A. Show how hereditary lords in the Zhou kingdom emerged as dominant actors, relegating the Eastern Zhou king to a figurehead as they struggled for hegemony.

B. Discuss the competition among the warring states, led to the emergence of philosophical, legal, and military schools and their numerous, as well as striking technological achievements.

C. Outline the main concepts of early Confucian, early Daoist, and Legalist thought.

IV. The Qin Creation of a Unified China

A. Describe the personality and exploits of Qin Shi Huang-di, the first emperor.

B. Evaluate the successes and failures of his reforms.

V. Early Han Dynasty Rule and Civilization

A. Discuss in detail the structure of Early Han government and analyze how the Han learned from the mistakes and successes of the Qin.

B. Explain the cosmological competition between early Daoist and Confucian philosophers, and the consequences of the Confucian victory for Chinese Civilization.

C. Show how the Han dealt with tribes on the borders of China and attempted to expand in the south.

VI. Wang Mang Interval the Latter Han Dynasty

A. Discuss the idealist usurpation by Wang Mang, and the weakening of imperial rule that was required for the Later Han to re-establish the dynasty.

B. Describe the rebellions that weakened the later and the rise of the Daoist Religion as a virtual replication of Han government.

VII. The Period of Division and the Growth of Religious Daosim and Buddhism

A. Discuss Cao Cao's attempt to reunite the empire in 220 C.E. and the marks it has left on subsequent Chinese literature.

B. Show how frequent dynastic turnover and barbarian incursions weakened central political authority during this period.

C. Describe how Buddhist and Daoist leaders attached themselves to various kingdoms during this period and so strengthened their influence.

VIII. The Government and Civilization of Reunified of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

A. Describe the Sui efforts to reunify China prior to their overthrow by the Tang.

B. Explain how Tang government worked, and opened up trade on the Silk Road.

C. Outline the achievements of Tang civilization in city planning, painting, porcelain, sculpture, and literature.

D. Explain how the Wang Anshi rebellion arose and weakened the Tang Dynasty.

IX. Achievements of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties

A. Show how the Song Dynasty emerged after a short period of disunity.

B. Describe the innovations of Song government, the dynasties strengths and weaknesses against surrounding peoples, and the Song flight to South China.

C. Outline Song technological achievements and the emergence of Chinese business.

D. Discuss developments in Buddhism and Daosim in the Song, and the emergence of Neoconfucianism.

X. The Mongol Takeover and the Ming Dynasty

A. Analyze the rise of the Mongols, their military prowess and their takeover of China.

B. Describe the fall of the Mongol (Yuan) dynasty because of peasant rebellions, and the establishment of the Ming Dynasty.

C. Outline the governmental, military, and naval achievements of the early Ming.

D. Examine the significance of the construction of the Forbidden City.

E. Describe development in Chinese business during the Ming and China's connection to world markets in the age of exploration.

XI. Weaknesses of the Late Ming Dynasty, the Manchu Takeover, and the Early Qing Dynasty

A. Discuss the power of court eunuchs during the late Ming.

B. Describe the rise of the Manchu in the northwest their invasion and takeover of China, and their subsequent conquest of Tibet.

C. Contrast the privileges of the Manchu banners during the Manchu (Qing) dynasty.

D. Show how the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors absorbed and influenced Chinese Civilization at the height of the Qing.

E. Analyze European influences on Chinese astronomy and art.

XII. Factors Leading to Destruction of the Qing Dynasty

A. Examine changes in Chinese agriculture during the early Qing and the resultant population explosion during the nineteenth century.

B. Describe European attempts to win trading rights in China, the importation of opium and the wars that resulted, and further European and Japanese incursions on Chinese territory during the remainder of the nineteenth century.

C. Analyze the influence of European missionaries on nineteenth-century China, and the resultant Taiping and Boxer Rebellions.

D. Examine the reasons for the Qing dynasty's inability to resist European and Japanese imperialism.

XIII. Republican China and the Growth of Chinese Nationalism

A. Show how the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912 resulted in the rise of warlord governments.

B. Examine the "New Thought" that developed in early twentieth-century China and its promotion of modernization.

C. Describe the May 4, 1919, and its role in creating twentieth-century China.

D. Examine the development of the Guomindang under Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) and the rise of the Communist Part of China (CPC) during the 1920's.

XIV. Civil War and the Japanese Invasion

A. Describe the outbreak of the civil war in 1927 and the resulting "Long March."

B. Describe the Japanese takeover of Manchuria in 1931 and its invasion of China in 1937.

C. Explain how the CPC and Guomindang came to sign a temporary truce in order to fight the Japanese until 1945.

XV. The Communist Victory of 1949 and the Development of China Until the Death of Mao Zedong

A. Analyze the reasons for the CPC victory in the renewed civil war from 1946-1949.

B. Describe how communist rule was established in China through 1956 and efforts at collectivization and industrialization of the economy.

C. Examine Red China's foreign policy with regard to Taiwan, the Soviet Union, Korea, and the United States in the post-World War II era, its involvement in the Korean War and other Cold War tensions.

D. Show how the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution periods devastated China until the death of Mao Zedong in 1976.

XVI. Economic, Social, and Cultural Developments in China Since the 1980's

A. Describe the way in which the CPC adopted capitalism as an economic system while retaining one-party rule.

B. Evaluate the social, regional, and economic gains and disparities that have resulted.

C. Describe China's current prominence in world business and the issues China now faces.

D. Look for trends in developing Chinese culture.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Prehistoric Japan and the Yamato State

A. Trace the earliest migrations of different peoples to the Japanese archipelago and analyze artifacts from the Jōmon Period.

B. Summarize agricultural, demographic, and technological developments of the Yayoi Period and Japan’s connection to the continent.

C. Discuss the first written accounts about Japan, the role of Himiko as a ruler, and the emergence of Yamatai.

D. Analyze the rise of the Yamato state, early indigenous spiritual beliefs, the adoption of Buddhism, and the adaptation of Chinese culture and statecraft.

E. Analyze the first written records in Japan, the creation of the Imperial Myth, and the expansion of the state.

II. The Nara and Heian Periods

A. Map the creation of Japan’s first permanent capital city and discuss its connection to Chinese models.

B. Discuss Heian artistic achievements, the prominence of women in literature, new forms of Buddhism, and the aesthetics of the nobility.

C. Analyze political, social, and economic developments of the two periods.

D. Discuss the impact of warrior violence in the capital, the rise of the Taira and Minamoto families, and the Genpei War. 

III. Medieval Japan

A. Summarize the foundation and nature of the Kamakura Shogunate.

B. Discuss and compare developments in Japanese Buddhism during the medieval period.

C. Explain how the Kamakura Shogunate was supplanted by the Ashikaga Shogunate.

D. Discuss the effects of the Ōnin War upon society and the transition to the Sengoku Period.

E. Analyze reunification efforts during the sixteenth century, the arrival of Europeans, and the invasions of Korea.

IV. The Tokugawa Period

A. Describe how the Tokugawa achieved and maintained power.

B. Discuss the rise of castle towns, the market economy, and the merchant class.

C. Analyze Tokugawa cultural achievements, such as literature, drama, and art.

D. Discuss the experience of commoners and “outcasts” and explain the phenomenon of peasant protests.

V. The Meiji Period

A. Analyze political, social, economic, intellectual, diplomatic, and military developments of the period.

B. Discuss the relationship between western imperialism, the fall of the shogunate, and the creation of a modern nation-state.

C. Trace the expansion of the Japanese Empire and discuss the experience of those under colonial rule.

VI. Japan in the 20th and 21st Centuries

A. Analyze political, social, economic, diplomatic, and military developments of the period.

B. Discuss the dichotomy of cosmopolitanism and nationalism during the Interwar years.

C. Explain the causes and course of the Second-Sino Japanese War and the Pacific War.

D. Discuss Postwar politics, culture, and economic recovery in both the domestic and international spheres.

E. Discuss recent issues and events in Japanese society, such as declining demographics and the 3.11 disasters.

VII. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Pre-colonial North American Indigenous Civilizations, prior to 1500

A. Explain oral histories and migration theories.

B. Discuss regional and cultural diversity.

C. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between Indigenous nations and communities, and how these changed over time.

II. North American Indigenous Peoples and Colonization, approximately 1500-1800

A. Evaluate the purpose and impact of European colonization, and how this changed over time.

B. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between Indigenous nations and communities, and how this changed over time.

C. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between colonial communities and Indigenous nations and peoples, and how this changed over time.

D. Describe how North American independent nation-states, such as the United States of America, engaged with Indigenous nations and peoples, and how this changed over time.

E. Examine how Indigenous nations exercised sovereignty, and how this changed over time.

III. North American Indigenous Nations and Peoples, approximately 1800-present

A. Evaluate continued colonization of Indigenous nations and peoples, and how this changed over time.

B. Identify the purpose and impact of nation-state government policies on Indigenous nations and peoples, and how this changed over time.

C. Explain the interactions, relationships, and power dynamics between Indigenous nations and peoples, between settler societies and Indigenous nations and peoples, and how this changed over time.

D. Examine how Indigenous nations exercised sovereignty, and how this changed over time.

IV. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources, including those by Indigenous authors.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Ancient Religions and Civilizations, 3100 BCE-500s CE

A. Describe the major geographic features of the Middle East and northern Africa.

B. Explain the development of ancient civilizations in the Fertile Crescent, from Egypt through the Byzantine Empire.

C. Examine the persistence of nomadic traditions.

D. Analyze the origins of monotheism.

II. Islamic Civilization, 500s CE-1800s CE

A. Examine the historical context for the origins of Islam and its subsequent territorial expansion.

B. Analyze the cultural influences of the Christian Crusades and the Mongol invasions from the eleventh through the fourteenth centuries.

C. Describe the major developments in governance, law and economics that prevailed under the centuries of rule by the Ottoman Empire.

III. Origins of the Modern Middle East, 1800s-1940s

A. Explain the western “re-discovery” of the Middle East through orientalism and European invasions in the nineteenth century.

B. Analyze the rise of ethnic-based nationalism and Zionism.

C. Describe the causes and consequences of the First World War and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

IV. The Middle East and the World, 1940s-present

A. Examine the establishment of Israel and its subsequent consequences for Arab-Israeli relations, with particular attention given to the Israel-Palestinian conflict.

B. Analyze the importance of the Second World War and the decline of European empires.

C. Explain the evolution of Islam into political, liberal and radical ideologies.

D. Describe the challenges facing the Middle East today in terms of urbanization, aridity, and human rights.

E. Assess western stereotypes and misunderstandings about the region, and how these inform foreign policy.

V. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary source.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Peoples, Places, Eco-Systems, and Cultural Influences
   A. Discuss the influence of geography and environment on the
inhabitants of these regions.
      1. Explain the strategic economic and geo-political importance of
the Caucasus and Central Asia regions within a contemporary context.
      2. Identify the post-Soviet states of Central Asia and the Caucasus
as well as the peoples of Russia's Northern Caucasus.
      3. Describe the ecological systems of both the Caucasus and Central
Asia, including the physical and climatic conditions and natural
resources.
      4. Explain the relationship between the eco-systems of the Caucasus
and Central Asia and both a semi-nomadic hunter-gatherer life-style and
sedentary agriculture and the rise of cities.
      5. Identify and describe the importance of the Silk Road as a trade
route between Asia and the Mediterranean to the development of these
regions.
   B. Describe the major cultural influences on the inhabitants of these
regions.
      1. Identify the major ethnic peoples inhabiting both the Caucasus
and Central Asia.
      2. Trace the major cultural influences on the peoples of these two
regions beginning with the 5th century BCE Achaemenid Empire and
concluding prior to the introduction of Islam.
      3. Discuss the major religious confessions of the region: Buddhism,
Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.
      4. Describe both the cultural patterns governing every-day life and
the cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia with
reference to the arts.
II. Impact of Islam
   A. Identify and locate on a map the ruling empires and major groupings
of indigenous peoples of the Caucasus and Central Asia prior to the Arab
Conquest of the Sassanid Empire.
   B. Identify the origins of Islam, the basic teachings (Five Pillars) of
Islam, and the significance of the Hadiths, and the relationship between
Islam and the 7th century Arab Conquest. In particular, identify Sufism
and explain the unique Sufi influence on Central Asia and the Caucasus.
   C. Describe the influence of Islam's transformation of indigenous
cultural institutions and identity, including Islam's affect on politics,
social relations, education and intellectual endeavors.
   D. Discuss the conflict between the Iranian world and the Turks over
control of these regions (10th - 13th centuries).
   E. Describe both the cultural patterns governing every-day life.
Discuss the cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia
with particular attention to the Golden Age of Central Asian culture,
800-1100, and the great cities associated with it.  Identify the cultural
contributions of al-Biruni, al-Farabi, Omar Khayyam. Explain theories for
the decline of this Golden Age.
III. The Mongol Conquest and Empire
   A. Identify and locate on a map the ruling empires and major grouping
of indigenous peoples of the Caucasus and Central Asia prior to the Mongol
Conquest.
   B. Identify and locate on a map the home territory of the Mongols.
   C. Describe the political aims of their great leader Temujin (Genghis
Khan), the military technology, strategy and tactics the Mongols used to
conquer and rule the world's greatest land empire, as well as their major
Asian conquests prior to moving into the Transoxania area of Central
Asia.
   D. Explain the impact of the 13th - 14th century Mongol Empire on the
conquered peoples of these regions.  Pay particular attention to the trade
routes between Asia, the Middle East and Europe and the human cost of
re-establishing secure international trade in goods and ideas.
   E. Discuss the fate of the states of the Mongol World Empire and
theories explaining its decline.
   F. Identify Timur (Tamerlane). Explain the role he played in the
collapse of the Mongol Empire. Describe the impact of Timur's conquests on
the Caucasus and Central Asia.
   G. Describe both the cultural patterns governing every-day life and the
cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia with reference
to the arts. Include the ancient city of Samarkand in your discussion.
IV. Struggle for Hegemony Among the Great Powers
   A. Identify the origins of the Shaybanid dynasty of Transoxania and
describe its relationship with the Safavid dynasty.
   B. Explain the origins of the Kazakhs.
   C. Discuss the alteration in the status of the 16th century Muscovy
state that laid the groundwork for Muscovy's movement into the Caucasus.
   D. List the major events in the struggle over the Caucasus between the
Ottoman Turks and the Safavid Dynasty of Iran, subsequently Nadir Shah.
   E. Cite the major turning points in the territorial competition among
the three empires: Iranian, Russian and Ottoman for domination of the
Caucasus.
   F. Compare and contrast the policies and practices of the Russians,
Ottomans, and Iranians in their relations with local peoples and cultures
of the Caucasus.  Discuss the Central Asian Khanates of Khiva and
Bukhara.
   G. Explain the effect of the early 17th century Kalmyk invasion of the
steppe on the empires and peoples of Central Asia and the northern
Caucasus.
   H. Explain how the ancient trade across the Silk Road was affected by
the advent of Europe's trans-oceanic shipping.
   I. Describe both the cultural patterns governing every-day life and the
cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia with reference
to the arts.
V. The Russian Conquest and Empire
   A. Identify the goals, objectives and strategy behind Great Britain's
Great Game with Russia in the Crimea, Caucasus and Central Asia.
   B. Compare and contrast Russian strategy and tactics for annexation of
Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan with those used in the conquest of the
Northern Caucasus.  Identify Sheihk Mansour, Imam Shamil, Hadji Murat and
the Murid Wars.
   C. Compare and contrast Russian social, economic and political policies
for the Northern Caucasus with those applied in Transcaucasia.
   D. Describe Russian military strategy and social policies that
systematically removed the nomadic Kazakhs from the Steppe and brought
Tashkent and Kokand as well as Khiva, Merv, and Panjdeh into the Russian
Empire, subduing and subjecting the peoples of Central Asia to St.
Petersburg's rule.
   E. Discuss the affect of World War I and the Civil War on the peoples
of the Caucasus and Central Asia, including the Ottoman Jihad against
Armenians on the Anatolian Peninsula and the 1916 revolt in Central Asia
that gave rise to the Basmachi Movement and resistance of 1918-1923.
   F. Explain the impact of the Soviet rule on Central Asia and the
Caucasus, including "indigenization" (korenizatsiiya), Sovietization and
the affect of Soviet socio-economic and political policies on these
Islamic and ancient Christian peoples.
   G. Describe the affect of Stalin's World War II policy of deportation
of peoples of the Northern Caucasus to Central Asia: Chechens, Ingush,
Karachai, and Balkars.
   H. Explain the influence of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan,
Perestroika and Glasnost in the development of national identities and
independence movements in these regions.
   I. Describe both the cultural patterns governing every-day life and the
cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia with reference
to the arts.
VI. Post-Soviet Developments
   A. Explain how the governments of the newly established states of the
Caucasus and Central Asia have come to terms with the requisites of the
modern state; address political, social, economic and educational
institutions.
   B. Describe the efforts undertaken by the peoples throughout the
Caucasus to reassert and reestablish their independent identities.
   C. Describe reform efforts undertaken to reclaim and restore culture
and religious traditions.
   D. Discuss the inroads of militant Islam and Wahhabism, in particular,
within Central Asia and the Caucasus and efforts of the Russians
Federation, the United States, and governments throughout the two regions
to circumscribe its influence.
   E. Identify efforts undertaken by the Russian Federation to reassert
its hegemony in both the Caucasus and Central Asia.  Analyze the position
of resource rich Central Asia in the "new" Great Game and its players.
   F. Describe both the cultural patterns governing everyday life and the
cultural achievements of both the Caucasus and Central Asia with reference
to the arts.

Examinations           50% of grade
Projects/Assignments   50% of grade
Total                  100%

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Introduction to Environmental History

A. Describe the interdisciplinary nature of Environmental History and its place in historiography more generally.

B. Examine the different types of source materials and methodologies that environmental historians use.

C. Consider how Environmental History leads historians to look at chronology differently.

II. Native Americans and the Environment of North America

A. Describe the diversity of Native American cultures present before 1492 and the ways they interacted with the environment around them.

B. Become familiar with the ways in which Native Americans saw nature as an active part of the spiritual universe they inhabited.

C. Consider Native Americans as active shapers of the environments in which they lived.

III. 1492: The Columbian Exchange and After

A. Examine the global significance of the exchange of biology that took place after 1492 (called the Columbian Exchange) with special attention to disease, plants and animals.

B. Consider how these often-unintentional exchanges aided the expansion of European societies at the expense of Native Americans cultures.

C. Reflect on how the Columbian Exchange continues to transform the globe.

IV. European Colonization and Ecological Divides

A. Describe the chronology of the colonial settlement of North America by the Spanish, British and French.

B. Utilize examples of cultural conflict, including gender, between Native Americans and Europeans to demonstrate differing ideas about communal and private property and the environmental consequences of those differences.

C. Consider the power relationships inherent in the naming and mapping of places.

V. Early American Attitudes Towards Land

A. Understand the impact of laws like the Land Ordinance of 1785, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 and the Preemption Act of 1841 on the concept of public lands and the surveying/categorizing of land more generally.

B. Trace the evolution of public land policy in the United States including the Homestead Act and through the 19th century when the dominant theme was transferring public lands into private hands.

C. Examine the modern American landscape to see the modern legacies and challenges created by these policies.

VI. The Fur Trade: Beaver and Bison

A. Trace the linkage between the history of Canada, the Hudson’s Bay Company, and the fur trade.

B. Consider the complex history of Native Americans, bison, ecosystems and mixed-race traders on the Great Plains.

C. Analyze the importance of the near-extinction of the bison and beaver for later discussions of nature, wildlife and conservation.

VII. Commodity Crops and Slavery

A. Examine the specific needs of early commodity crops like sugar in the Caribbean, tobacco in the Chesapeake and cotton in the South.

B. Trace how ecological needs, technological innovations and market forces contributed to the growth of the chattel slave system in North America.

C. Consider the lasting legacies of chattel slavery and how they link with modern issues around Environmental Justice.

VIII. Food

A. Examine the histories of foodstuffs like corn (beginning in Mexico), wheat and bananas.

B. Trace the ways in which food production have become industrialized, and how those connections have spanned the continent (as with the example of binder twine used in the United States and Canada that was grown/manufactured in Mexico).

C. Reflect on examples and environmental consequences of monocrop production like wheat (through the Dust Bowl) and industrialization (beef production).

IX. Water:  Rivers and Irrigation

A. Analyze the various ways that rivers like the Colorado, the Yukon and the Kansas have been used (and overused) in the United States.

B. Trace the ways that water law has changed over time, including riparian rights, prior appropriation, and the importance of “highest and best use.”

C. Consider the history of water conservation efforts, including on the Ogallala Aquifer and modern-day California (the Colorado River, for example)

X. Energy: From Waterwheels to Fossil Fuels

A. Trace the dramatic shifts in energy production, standards of living and pollution made possible by the adoption of fossil fuels, in particular coal and oil.

B. Examine how fossil fuels sources transformed transportation systems and supported demographic trends like urbanization and migration to the American South (via the air conditioner).

C. Examine landscapes like Oil Creek, Pennsylvania, and modern-day Alberta to provide context.

XI. Cities: Municipal Housekeeping and Municipal Planning

A. Trace the origins of urban planning from the “Municipal Housekeeping” movements of the Progressive Era.

B. Examine the ways in which cities have become foci of resource consumption in the 20th century.

C. Evaluate efforts to make cities more “livable” and “green” from the “City Beautiful” movement through the present day.

D. Discuss the linkage of urbanization, affluence and technological development after World War II with the identification of “pollution” and the work of activists like Rachel Carson.

XII. From Conservation to Environmentalism to the Anthropocene

A. Trace the origins and successes of the American conservation movement.

B. Examine the differences between conservation and the post-war American environmental movement.

C. Analyze how contemporary environmental issues have led to the global sustainability movement in what some call the Anthropocene era.

XIII. Environmental Justice

A. Consider the ways that race and gender have played into environmental costs and benefits in North America.

B. Explore how race, class and gender have impacted the conservation, environmental and sustainability movements.

XIV. The End of Nature and the Dawn of the Anthropocene

A. Explore the origins and consequences of global climate change.

B. Discuss modern revisions of idea like “Wilderness” and “Nature” as a result of climate change as well as the work of authors like William Cronon, Bill McKibben and Richard White.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. The West before the United States, 1300s-1800

A. Describe the major conceptual frameworks of the West as place, process, or idea.

B. Explain the major features of western geography.

C. Examine Indigenous peoples’ lives, cultures and economies.

D. Analyze the rise of the Spanish Empire.

II. Joining the United States, 1800-1850

A. Analyze the motives for, and process of, U.S. exploration in the early nineteenth century.

B. Explain the initial relations between Indigenous people and white Americans through trade and intermarriage.

C. Examine the significance of Manifest Destiny for settler expansion.

D. Assess the causes of Indigenous-United States military conflict.

E. Describe the causes and consequences of the Mexican War.

III. Economic, Political, and Social Consolidation, 1850-1890

A. Analyze how the Civil War challenged national consolidation, and how the failure of southern secession anticipated integration of the West.

B. Explain the major economic enterprises of the West in the late nineteenth century.

C. Examine U.S. attempts at Indigenous assimilation and removal.

D. Describe the ways in which the West was imagined through folk stories and literature.

IV. Post-Consolidation, 1890-present

A. Analyze the significance of the federal government in shaping western economies and communities.

B. Assess depictions of the region in film and other media.

C. Explain the West’s significance for modern political trends and cultural ideologies.

D. Describe the major challenges facing western environments in the twenty-first century.

E. Compare the West and its people to other “hinterland” regions within a global context.

V. Primary and Secondary Sources

A. Analyze primary sources.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. What Is Gender?

A. Define the construction of gender.

B. Explain how the construction of gender changed over time.

II. Women in North America, Pre- and Post-Colonization

A. Examine gender and women’s roles in Indigenous societies.

B. Describe gender and the commencement of European colonization.

C. Analyze gender and African women in America.

III. Women and Colonization

A. Discuss the impact of colonization on Indigenous women.

B. Determine the role of European women in North American colonies.

C. Explain the experiences of enslaved women in North America.

IV. Women and the American Revolution

A. Interpret the rise of the United States and its impact on diverse women.

B. Describe the development of an “American” womanhood.

V. Women in the Early and Mid 19th Century

A. Examine the role of women in religion, politics and immigration/migration.

B. Describe the changing economy and women’s free and unfree labor.

VI. Women, Slavery, Civil War and “the West”

A. Assess women and their experiences with reform movements.

B. Analyze women in a changing territorial and political nation.

VII. Women in the Developing Nation

A. Examine the varied lives of women by region.

B. Assess the experiences of women in a capitalist nation.

VIII. Women in the Early Twentieth Century

A. Consider women and “modernity.”

B. Deconstruct the role of women in war and peace.

IX. Women and the Changing USA

A. Investigate women in a shifting economy.

B. Evaluate women and world war.

X. Women in the Mid to Late 20th Century

A. Examine understandings of feminism and sexuality.

B. Discuss women and changing political and economic ideologies.

XI. Women in the 21st Century USA

A. Examine contemporary women’s experiences in the public and private spheres.

B. Anticipate future trends.

XII.  Primary and Secondary Sources  

A. Analyze primary sources using historical thinking skills.

B. Examine secondary sources to determine historical arguments.

C. Create historical arguments using primary and secondary sources.

D. Assess change over time using primary and secondary sources.

Content Outline and Competencies:

I. Internship Application Experience
   A. Prepare to find an appropriate internship setting.
      1. Write a resume.
      2. Successfully complete a mock interview.
      3. Identify appropriate internship sites.
   B. Apply for and secure an internship site in an appropriate setting
confirmed by a letter of acceptance.
      1. Develop learning objectives, strategies, tasks, and strategies
appropriate to the internship in consultation with Internship Mentor and
site supervisor.
      2. Complete a contract between JCCC and internship agency or
representative signed by the History Internship Mentor, student and site
supervisor.
II. Internship Tasks and Functions
   A. Identify responsibilities, tasks, and duties of the internship.
   B. Maintain a log of hours worked and major responsibilities
completed.
   C. Work systematically and logically through the various issues that
arise in the internship setting.
   D. Demonstrate ability to apply academic knowledge to the successful
accomplishment of assigned tasks.
   E. Develop human relations skills needed for the position.
   F. Display sensitivity to the needs of the diversity of staff, clients
and/or constituents encountered in the internship setting.
   G. Adhere to policies and procedures of the internship site.
   H. Respect the confidentiality of privileged information regarding
staff, clients, researchers and/or donors.
III. Relationship Between Academic Study and Internship Duties
   A. Identify the relationship between the student's individual education
objectives and strategies and the internship duties and activities.
   B. Analyze and describe the relationship between classroom knowledge
and internship related tasks.
IV. Document a Career Choice or Avocation
   A. Construct a portfolio that documents the steps in a successful job
search and successful job performance.
   B. Complete a self-assessment of personal growth in the selection of a
career or avocation based on internship experiences.
   C. Complete a self-assessment of professional growth in the selection
of a career or avocation based on observations made and duties
performed.

Content Outline and Competencies:

Because of the nature of a Special Topics course, the course Content Outline and Competencies will vary, depending on the Special Topic being offered. The Special Topics course outlines must be designed in the standard format for all JCCC-approved courses and must include the standard course objectives for a Special Topics class. The course Content Outline and Competencies must be written in outcome-based language. In order to maintain course consistency, rigor and uniqueness, each section of this course first must be reviewed and approved by the History faculty prior to its being offered. The Arts & Design, Humanities &  Social Science Division Curriculum Committee and the Division Dean will review each Special Topics course to be offered and approve the course content. The ADHSS Division will also determine when and if the course may be taught based on the instructional needs of both the department and the division. Individual faculty members are responsible for the creation of Special Topics courses and for seeking approval to teach them. Any specific Special Topics topic may not be repeated within a four-semester sequence.